Medical Terminology: A Programmed Approach Paula Bostwick and Heidi Weber Chapter 6: Skin and Body Membranes

Learning Outcomes Recall parts and functions of the integumentary system Identify related word parts Recall the common diagnoses, laboratory tests, and clinical procedures used in testing and treating disorders Define related pathologies Define related surgical terms Recall common pharmacological agents used in treating disorders of the integumentary system Page 5-1: Learning Outcomes After studying this chapter you will be able to: 5.1 Define the elements of human body structure 5.2 Identify the body cavities and list organs that are contained within each cavity 5.3 Describe the planes of the body

Skin/Body Membrane Terms Integumentary System includes skin, hair, nails, sweat, and sebaceous glands Page 6-1: The integumentary system includes the skin or integument, the hair, the nails, the sweat glands (also called the sudoriferous glands), and the oil-producing glands (also called the sebaceous glands). This system covers and protects the body, helps regulate the body’s temperature, excretes some of the body’s waste materials, and includes the body’s sensors for pain and sensation.

Combining Forms adip(o) fatty cutane(o) skin dermat(o), derm(o) skin -derm, -derma skin hidr(o) sweat, sweat glands ichthy(o) fish, scaly Page 6-1: adip(o) fatty cutane(o) skin dermat(o), derm(o), -derm,-derma skin hidr(o) sweat, sweat glands ichthy(o) fish, scaly

Combining Forms kerat(o) horney tissue lip(o) fatty melan(o) black, very dark myc(o) fungus onych(o) nail pil(o) hair Page 6-1: kerat(o) horney tissue lip(o) fatty melan(o) black, very dark myc(o) fungus onych(o) nail pil(o) hair

Combining Forms seb(o) sebum, sebaceous glands steat(o) fat trich(o) hair xanth(o) yellow xer(o) dry Page 6-1: seb(o) sebum, sebaceous glands steat(o) fat trich(o) hair xanth(o) yellow xer(o) dry

Skin Largest organ of the body External protective covering Vital role in homeostasis Page 6-1: Skin The skin is the largest organ of the body. It not only serves to as an external protective covering, it but serves a vital role In homeostasis.

Skin Cross-Section Page 6-2: Picture showing a cross-section of skin with the parts of the integumentary system labeled. It also shows the three layers of skin and what they contain.

Hair and Nails Hair grows out of the epidermis to cover various parts of the body Hair serves to cushion and protect Page 6-4: Hair grows out of the epidermis to cover various parts of the body. Hair serves to cushion and protect the areas it covers.

Hair Growing Page 6-4:  Image showing the growth of hair on the scalp

Nail Page 6-4: Image showing a finger nail.

Sectional View Page 6-4: Image showing a cross sectional view of a finger with the nail.  

Glands Distributed throughout body Found on the hand, soles of feet, axillae, and forehead Page 6-5/6-6: Glands are distributed throughout the body. Numerous glands are found on the hand, soles of feet, axillae, and forehead. [Note: Endocrine glands will be discussed in a separate chapter.]

Glands in the Skin Page 6-6: Figure 6-5 shows glands in the skin.

Diagnostic, Procedural, and Laboratory Terms Assist in diagnosing medical conditions Used in combinations for final diagnosis and treatment planning Page 6-8: Diagnostic, procedural and laboratory findings assist the health care provider in diagnosing medical conditions. Often used in combination, these tests lead to a final diagnosis and assist in treatment planning.

Pathological Terms Pathological conditions of the skin and body membranes include lesions, diseases, and cancers Page 6-10: Pathological conditions of the skin and body membranes include lesions, diseases and cancers.

Types of Lesions Page 6-10: Chart showing the various types of lesions.

Symptoms, Abnormalities, and Conditions I viral diseases rubeola rubella roseola varicella impetigo pyoderma tinea ringworm pruritus candidiasis dermatitis Page 6-13:

Symptoms, Abnormalities, and Conditions II urticaria hives eczema ecchymosis (pl., ecchymoses) petechiae (sing., petechia) purpura rosacea furuncle carbuncle abscess gangrene Page 6-13 / 6:14: urticaria hives eczema ecchymosis (pl., ecchymoses) petechiae (sing., petechia) purpura rosacea furuncle carbuncle abscess gangrene

herpes simplex virus Type 1 herpes simplex virus Type 2 herpes zoster cold sore fever blister genital herpes shingles Wart verruca (pl., verrucae) plantar wart Page 6-15: herpes herpes simplex virus Type 1 herpes simplex virus Type 2 herpes zoster cold sore fever blister genital herpes shingles wart verruca (pl., verrucae) plantar wart

“Rule of Nines” Page 6-16: Burns are classified by a system called the “rule of nines,” illustrated in Figure 6-10

Symptoms, Abnormalities, and Conditions III acne acne vulgaris comedo blackhead whitehead scleroderma psoriasis seborrhea burn first-degree second-degree third-degree pediculosis scabies Page 6-17: acne acne vulgaris comedo (pl., comedos, comedones) blackhead whitehead scleroderma psoriasis seborrhea burn first-degree burns second-degree burns third-degree burns pediculosis scabies

Symptoms, Abnormalities, and Conditions IV neoplasms callus corn keratosis basal cell carcinoma squamous cell carcinoma Kaposi’s sarcoma malignant melanoma alopecia areata Page 6-19: neoplasms callus corn keratosis basal cell carcinoma squamous cell carcinoma Kaposi’s sarcoma malignant melanoma alopecia areata

Surgical Terms plastic surgery skin graft autograft allograft cryosurgery dermabrasion debridement curettage homograft heterograft xenograft cauterized fulguration biopsy Mohs’ surgery Page 6-20 / 6-21: plastic surgery skin graft autograft allograft homograft heterograft Xenograft

Pharmacological Terms Treatment of skin disorders involves the use of various medications Topical preparations can relieve symptoms and kill disease agents Other treatments involve heat, light, and radiation Page 6-22: Treatment of skin disorders involves the use of various medications. A wide variety of topical preparations can relieve symptoms and even kill agents that cause disease. Other treatments involve heat, light, and radiation.

Pharmacological Terms (cont.) chemotherapy radiation therapy ultraviolet light antihistamines antibiotics antiseptics antibacterials antifungals Page 6-22: chemotherapy radiation therapy ultraviolet light antihistamines antibiotics antiseptics antibacterials antifungals

Pharmacological Terms (cont.) anti-inflammatory corticosteroids antipruritics anesthetic topical anesthetic emollients astringents keratolytics alpha-hydroxy acids Page 6-22: anti-inflammatory corticosteroids antipruritics anesthetic topical anesthetic emollients astringents keratolytics alpha-hydroxy acids

Chapter Review Recall parts and functions of the integumentary system Identify related word parts Recall the common diagnoses, laboratory tests, and clinical procedures used in testing and treating disorders Define related pathologies Define related surgical terms Recall common pharmacological agents used in treating disorders of the integumentary system Page 6-23: 6.1 Name the parts of the integumentary system and discuss the function of each part: The integumentary system includes the skin or integument, the hair, the nails, the sweat glands (also called the sudoriferous glands), and the oil-producing glands (also called the sebaceous glands). This system covers and protects the body, helps regulate the body’s temperature, excretes some of the body’s waste materials, and includes the body’s sensors for pain and sensation.   6.2 Know the major word parts used in building words that relate to the -integumentary system: Word building requires knowledge of the combining form and meaning.