Circulation and Respiration How Does the Heart and Lungs Work Together?

ENGAGE Engage 1: Obtain a pluck from Owen’s Sausage or local butcher. Demonstrate how air goes in and out of their lungs. The lungs are very elastic and will expand greatly. Allow the students to look at the heart, lungs and trachea.

Do-It-Yourself Lung Model EXPLORE Explore 1 Construct a Lung Model Have students work together in groups to construct a lung model Do-It-Yourself Lung Model http://student.biology.arizona.edu/sciconn/respiratory/step4.html

Assemble the “Lungs” Step 1 Step 2

Construct the “Chest Cavity” Step 3 Step 4

Prepare the “Diaphragm” Step 5 Step 6

Start “Breathing”

Measuring Lung Capacity Explore 2 In this investigation, you will determine the tidal volume and vital capacity of your lungs.

EXPLAIN

Respiratory System Structures Pair of Lungs Series of passageways Trachea Bronchi Bronchioles Alveoli Diaphragm (thin sheet of smooth muscle)

Respiratory System Function Involves all mechanisms that get O2 to the cells via the bloodstream Gets rid of the waste gas CO2 Formation of ATP for energy

Path Air Takes Air enters nose or mouth Passes Pharynx Moves past epiglottis Passes through larynx Trachea Lungs and their passageways

Respiratory System I bring in the oxygen that is carried on the red blood cells…without me you’d have no oxygen to carry! I carry the CO2 (waste gas) out of the body. The circulatory system needs me for gas exchange. The muscles need oxygen to move. The brain needs my oxygen to think. Without this system gas could (02 primarily) would not enter our systems Without this system CO2 could not exit the body after being expelled as a waste in cellular respiration Circulatory system carries these gases to the alveoli to be expelled Diaphragm ( a muscle) is what forces lungs to inhale and exhale 14

Breathe Easy

The Lungs A lung weighs about 600 grams Total LUNG CAPACITY of an adult is between 5 and 6 liters A NORMAL breath is about 0.5 Liters VITAL LUNG CAPACITY is the maximum amount of air that can be EXHALED at ONE time

The Diaphragm A large sheet of MUSCLE at the BOTTOM of the rib cage. When you INHALE, this muscle DROPS and the rib cage RAISES This motion INCREASES the VOLUME of the lung cavity causing a LOW PRESSURE area EXTERNAL air pressure FORCES air INTO the lungs

The Pharynx A muscular organ at the back of the throat The respiratory and digestive systems branch here The epiglottis is located in the pharynx

The Trachea Also called the “WINDPIPE” A NON-MUSCULAR tube leading from the PHARYNX to the LUNGS There are RINGS of CARTILAGE spaced along this rube to keep it open

Bronchi and Bronchioles The two branches of the trachea leading to the two lungs Bronchioles The smallest branches of the bronchial tubes

The Aveoli The air sacs at the end of each brochioles

ELABORATE Exhaling Color your Lungs Andrea knows that her breathing rate increases when she starts to run or exercise. She thinks it is because she needs to increase her oxygen intake. Does increased activity have an affect on the amount of carbon dioxide she exhales? Design an experiment that will answer her question. Color your Lungs

EVALUATE Upon completion of the human lung model the student will explain the mechanism of breathing through the use of their model, they will name the gases the primary gases that compose air, and they will name the gases we exhale. A grade of pass or fail will be given. After creating the respiration model the student will list six components of respiration: Nose, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli, and lung.