The Human Body Circulatory and Respiratory Systems 4 th Grade Science

EQ: What is the circulatory system?

Circulatory K-W-L KnowWant to KnowLearned

What is the circulatory system? “circ” means “to go around” The circulatory system is the body system that transports blood around the body.

EQ: What are the 4 main parts of the blood?

Blood Key Terms antibodies – proteins that attack invading germs circulatory system – the system that carries blood around the body coagulation- clumping of blood to form a solid mass hemoglobin – a red pigment that can combine with oxygen; it gives red blood cells their color oxygen- colorless, odorless gas that is breathed in and is essential for cell function in the human body plasma – the watery part of the blood platelets – the part of the blood that controls bleeding red blood cells – the part of the blood that carries oxygen white blood cells – the part of the blood that helps the body fight infection

Blood Model white blood cell red blood cell platelet plasma

Charles Drew ( ) p African-American doctor Discovered that by removing the solid cells in blood, keeping only the plasma, the blood could be stored for a long time Established the first blood bank in New York City Saved thousands of lives during WWII

EQ: What are the 4 chambers of the heart?

Cardiac Key Terms aorta: carries blood from the left side of the heart to most of the limbs and organs atrium: a chamber of the heart that receives blood from the veins and pumps it into a ventricle (atria or atriums) ventricle: a chamber of the heart that receives blood from the atrium and pumps it into the arteries

The Heart

EQ: What carries blood away from the heart? What returns blood to the heart?

Pulse Key Terms artery: blood vessel that transports blood away from the heart to other parts of the body blood pressure: the pressure, controlled by the heartbeat, that is caused by blood pressing against the walls of blood vessels capillary: a tiny blood vessel pulse: the throbbing of arteries caused by the rhythmic beating of the heart vein: a tube through which blood returns to the heart

You can keep your heart healthy by... Eating a well-balanced diet –Limit cholesterol (fatty substance),rich foods red meat, cheese, and eggs –Cholesterol can build up on the walls of arteries causing them to harden Narrow Block Exercising regularly –Helps strengthen the heart –Decreases the chance of heart disease

EQ: What are the 4 human blood types?

Types and Filtering Blood blood types: different combinations of two proteins that are found on the surface of blood cells; results in 4 blood types (A, B, AB, O) liver: an organ that removes and breaks down potentially toxic substances in the body and converts them to harmless waste products spleen: the organ that is the disposal site for worn-out red blood cells and also acts as a filter, trapping bacteria and viruses that are transported in the blood transfusion: the transferring of blood or blood parts from one person to another

A B ABAB O AABAAB BABBAB ABAB ABABOABABO AOAO BOBO ABABOABABO O Karl Landsteiner

liver Removes and breaks down toxic substances Converts to harmless waste

spleen Disposal of worn-out red blood cells Filters and traps bacteria and viruses

Bill Nye “Science Guy” Blood and Circulation

EQ: What is the respiratory system?

Respiratory K-W-L KnowWant to KnowLearned

What is the respiratory system? “respir” means “to breathe out” The respiratory system is the body system that takes in oxygen and gets rid of carbon dioxide.

Respiratory System alveoli: the air sacs in the lungs where the exchange of oxygen for carbon dioxide takes place bronchi: two small tubes that deliver air to the lungs carbon dioxide: a waste gas that is removed from the blood and exits the body when a person exhales diaphragm: a thin sheet of muscle just below the lungs larynx: also called the voice box, a part of the body that holds the vocal cords lungs: two pink, fleshy organs beneath the rib cage ribs: bones that curve around the torso from your back to your chest and surround protect your lungs and heart throat: the part of the digestive system that connects the mouth and the esophagus trachea: also called the windpipe, a part of the body that brings air to the lungs

EQ: How does your blood get oxygen from the air?

Non-smoker vs. Smoker

Bill Nye “Science Guy” Respiration