Enlightenment Thinkers Directions: Use pgs. 446-450 to complete the graphic organizer. Summarize the important ideas of each person below. Hobbes J. Locke Montesquieu Voltaire Adam Smith Rousseau Rousseau put the common good over the interest of the individual. Do you agree with that position? Explain The principles of checks & balances and separation of powers were put forward by a. Montesquieu b. Rousseau c. Locke d. A. Smith Voltaire was a philosopher who defended a. freedom of press b. freedom of speech c. practice of slavery d. laissez-faire Adam Smith tried to show that natural economic forces of supply & demand were linked to a. profit & economic growth b. gov’t regulation c. taxes d. mercantilism Speaker : All human beings are born free and equal with a right to life and liberty. It is the duty of government to protect these natural rights of its citizens. Who was the speaker of the passage above? a. Rousseau b. Hobbes c. Montesquieu d. Locke

Birth of American Republic After 1763 1.____________ ______________ 1770 2.____________ ______________ 1773 3.____________ ______________ April 1775 4.____________ ______________ July 1776 5.____________ ______________ 1777 6.____________ ______________ 1781 7.____________ ______________ 1783 8.____________ ______________ 1787 9.____________ ______________ 1789 10.____________ ______________ Influence on the Development of American Gov’t Works & Ideas Influence on American gov’t John Locke -People have ____________ ________, including life, liberty, & property. -Gov’t is formed to protect people’s _________ __________ -People have a right to ______________ a gov’t if it violates people’s ____________ ___________ called social ____________. -Basic rights are guaranteed in the ______ of _________ -Jefferson wrote the ________________ of _________________ reflecting ideas of Locke. Baron de Montesquieu Three Branches of Gov’t: a. b. c. -checks and balances of gov’t -___________ ___________ divides powers between federal gov’t & the states -Separation of ___________ -checks & balances Jean-Jacques Rousseau -freely elected gov’t -faith in the general ________ -control on people should be _____________ -the good of the community should be placed above ________________ interests. -ideas helped spark resistance to British rule English Gov’t -___________ _________: limited power of the King, right to a trial, contract between King & aristocracy -English Bill of Rights -____________ of _________: could not house soldiers in someone’s home without permission -Colonists had no representation in Parliament -First 10 amendments to Constitution, also known as ________ of __________ -Representative gov’t

Name:___________________________________________ Date:________ Bill of Rights (1st 10 Amendments to the U.S. Constitution) Directions: Draw a picture to represent each of the 1st 10 amendments 1st: Freedom of Speech, Press, Assembly & Petition 2nd: Right to Bear Arms 3rd: No Soldier shall, in time of peace be quartered in any house, without the consent of the Owner, nor in time of war, but in a manner to be prescribed by law. 4th:Protection from unreasonable search and seizure 5th: Provisions concerning Persecution (no double jeopardy, no self-incrimination, cannot be deprived on natural rights, cannot have private property taken away without compensation) 6th: Trial by jury and rights of the accused, speedy trial, right to counsel (lawyer) 7th: Trial by jury of peers 8th: No excessive bail; no cruel or unusual punishment 9th: Protection of rights for the people not described in the Constitution 10th: Powers not delegated to the federal gov’t are given to the states

Enlightenment Thinkers Directions: Use pgs. 446-450 to complete the graphic organizer. Summarize the important ideas of each person below. Hobbes People give up their rights for an organized society J. Locke -People form gov’t to protect their natural rights of life, liberty, and property -Gov’t has an obligation to those it governs, & if the gov’t doesn’t then the people can overthrow the gov’t Montesquieu -separation of powers (legislative, executive, judicial) -checks & balances Voltaire -attacked corrupt gov’t & inequality -supported freedom of speech Adam Smith -wrote The Wealth of Nations -believed in laissez faire -free market should regulate business not gov’t Rousseau -advocated for the will of the majority & the common good; freely elected gov’t; gov’t control limited Rousseau put the common good over the interest of the individual. Do you agree with that position? Explain The principles of checks & balances and separation of powers were put forward by a. Montesquieu b. Rousseau c. Locke d. A. Smith Voltaire was a philosopher who defended a. freedom of press b. freedom of speech c. practice of slavery d. laissez-faire Adam Smith tried to show that natural economic forces of supply & demand were linked to a. profit & economic growth b. gov’t regulation c. taxes d. mercantilism Speaker : All human beings are born free and equal with a right to life and liberty. It is the duty of government to protect these natural rights of its citizens. Who was the speaker of the passage above? a. Rousseau b. Hobbes c. Montesquieu d. Locke

Birth of American Republic After 1763 End of French and Indian War; British regulated colonial trade & levied new taxes 1770 2. 5 protesters died in Boston Massacre 1773 3. Colonist staged Boston Tea party To protest tax on tea April 1775 4. War erupted between colonists and Britain, shot Fired at Lexington & Concord July 1776 5. Thomas Jefferson wrote Declaration Of Independence 1777 6. Turning pt. in war, Battle of Saratoga convinced French to join 1781 7. British surrender at Yorktown 1783 8. Treaty of Paris signed 1787 9. Writing of Constitution in Philadelphia 1789 10. Constitution is ratified; becomes law of the land Influence on the Development of American Gov’t Works & Ideas Influence on American gov’t John Locke -People have natural rights; including life, liberty, & property. -Gov’t is formed to protect people’s -People have a right to overthrow a gov’t if it violates people’s natural rights called social contract. -Basic rights are guaranteed in the Bill of Rights -Jefferson wrote the Declaration of Independence reflecting ideas of Locke. Baron de Montesquieu Three Branches of Gov’t: a. executive b. legistative c. Judicial -checks and balances of gov’t - Federal Republic divides powers between federal gov’t & the states -Separation of powers -checks & balances Jean-Jacques Rousseau -freely elected gov’t -faith in the general will -control on people should be limited -the good of the community should be placed above individual interests. -ideas helped spark resistance to British rule English Gov’t -Magna Carta: limited power of the King, right to a trial, contract between King & aristocracy -English Bill of Rights -Petition of Rights: could not house soldiers in someone’s home without permission -Colonists had no representation in Parliament -First 10 amendments to Constitution, also known as Bill of Rights -Representative gov’t