Christian Schaffner, PhD student NF-årsfest 2005 A A R H U S U N I V E R S I T E T DAIMI – Department of Computer Science BRICS – Basic Research in Computer Science Quantum Bit Commitment Christian Schaffner DAIMI – Department of Computer Science BRICS – Basic Research in Computer Science NAT-årsfest June 3, 2005
Christian Schaffner, PhD student NF-årsfest 2005 A A R H U S U N I V E R S I T E T DAIMI – Department of Computer Science BRICS – Basic Research in Computer Science Alice & Bob Alice Bob *!¤
Christian Schaffner, PhD student NF-årsfest 2005 A A R H U S U N I V E R S I T E T DAIMI – Department of Computer Science BRICS – Basic Research in Computer Science Alice Bob who gets the house? *!¤ Divorce Problems
Christian Schaffner, PhD student NF-årsfest 2005 A A R H U S U N I V E R S I T E T DAIMI – Department of Computer Science BRICS – Basic Research in Computer Science Coin-Flipping over the Telephone It’s tails, I get the house! Alice Bob
Christian Schaffner, PhD student NF-årsfest 2005 A A R H U S U N I V E R S I T E T DAIMI – Department of Computer Science BRICS – Basic Research in Computer Science A Coin-Flipping Protocol Alice Bob not random!
Christian Schaffner, PhD student NF-årsfest 2005 A A R H U S U N I V E R S I T E T DAIMI – Department of Computer Science BRICS – Basic Research in Computer Science The Solution Alice Bob
Christian Schaffner, PhD student NF-årsfest 2005 A A R H U S U N I V E R S I T E T DAIMI – Department of Computer Science BRICS – Basic Research in Computer Science The Explanation Alice Bob
Christian Schaffner, PhD student NF-årsfest 2005 A A R H U S U N I V E R S I T E T DAIMI – Department of Computer Science BRICS – Basic Research in Computer Science Bob‘s view Bit-Commitment Scheme Alice Bob commit open important cryptographic primitive hiding binding
Christian Schaffner, PhD student NF-årsfest 2005 A A R H U S U N I V E R S I T E T DAIMI – Department of Computer Science BRICS – Basic Research in Computer Science Bob‘s view Particular Bit-Commitment Scheme open honest Alice needs:n cheating Alice needs:2¢n Memory cheater < 2 ¢ Memory honest ) binding perfectly hiding Alice Bob commit to 0 commit to 1 bounded memory! (n MegaBytes) (n MB)
Christian Schaffner, PhD student NF-årsfest 2005 A A R H U S U N I V E R S I T E T DAIMI – Department of Computer Science BRICS – Basic Research in Computer Science open Alice Bob Bob‘s view n quantum bits perfectly hiding honest Alice needs no quantum memory Memory cheater < n/2 ) binding bounded quantum memory! measure qbits in basis a bounded memory! classically: Memory cheater < 2 ¢ Mem honest Quantum Bit-Commitment Scheme
Christian Schaffner, PhD student NF-årsfest 2005 A A R H U S U N I V E R S I T E T DAIMI – Department of Computer Science BRICS – Basic Research in Computer Science The End Alice bounded quantum memory! Bob bounded quantum memory! *!¤
Christian Schaffner, PhD student NF-årsfest 2005 A A R H U S U N I V E R S I T E T DAIMI – Department of Computer Science BRICS – Basic Research in Computer Science Classically Impossible perfectly secure, without assumptions with classical communication with quantum communication Alice Bob Bob‘s view open commit hiding binding bounded memory!