Mississippi Studies Chapter 4 Part 2

Roaring 20s After World War 1 America experienced a period of economic growth Many new things were invented Two new things influenced Americans spending Installment Plan (buy now pay later) Planned Obsolence (going out of style) Flappers

Great Depression Great Depression – period of economic downfall 1929-1941 October 29, 1929 the day the stock market crashed Herbert Hoover was the President during the Great Depression

Great Depression Causes of the Great Buying on credit Income Gap Regular ups and downs of the business cycle

Great Depression Effects of the Great Depression Stock Market Crashed Banks Failed Businesses Failed

Great Depression Americans blamed Hoover and found ways to misuse his name EX: Hoovervilles Hoover blankets Hoover Flags

Great Depression How Americans dealt with the Great Depression Rented out rooms of their houses Sold apples Raised chickens and sold their eggs Stood in breadlines – places to get a bowl of soup and a piece of bread

Great Depression Cotton went from 5 cents a pound to .8 cents a pound The state was in debt 63 million dollars

Great Depression Hoover attempted various things to fix the problems, but they did not work the way he wanted As a result of his failed policies Franklin D Roosevelt was elected President

New Deal Fireside Chats New Deal – FDR’s plan to rebuild the economy New Deal Programs CCC – government hired single men 18 to 25 to create national parks and forests CWA – created “make work” jobs for people (raking leaves) AAA – gave farmers money to reduce the amount of crops they produced

New Deal New Deal Programs TVA – provided hydroelectric power to seven rural states including North MS Still exist today FDIC – insured bank deposits up to $5,000 Social Security Act – covers three areas Unemployment insurance Provided people 65 and older retirement Provided money to be people with disabilities and women and children who lost their father

New Deal These were just some of the programs in the New Deal They did relieve some burdens however it did cost the government money

World War II Many historians believe that WWII got us out of the Great Depression WWII 1939-1941 Event that caused WWII was Hitler invaded Poland Two sides of the war Allied Powers – France, Great Britain, Soviet Union, and the US Axis Powers – Germany, Italy, and Japan

World War II The United States entered WWII in 1941 Doolittle Raid Reason the US entered the war: Japanese bombed Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941 Doolittle Raid Manhattan Project – code name for creating the atomic bomb Two reasons we dropped the atomic bomb on Japan Japanese would not surrender Japanese would fight till the death

World War II The US dropped two atomic bombs on Japan on Hiroshima and Nagasaki This effectively ended the war

MS and WWII World War II resulted in the construction of Army camps and Air bases Construction in MS Camp Shelby in Hattiesburg Kessler Air Force Base in Biloxi Columbus Air Force Base

Life After the War in MS After World War II sharecropping disappeared because: People went to work in the factories They realized they could make more money As a result of the war agriculture is no longer the main employer or the major source of income

Developing Modern Agriculture Mississippi A and M (MSU) was established to provide education about agriculture to the MS farmer Cooperative Extensive Service was created by the federal government to teach MS farmers new techniques New technique: mechanization of farming (using machines) This new method reduced the need for workers Also reduced the number of farms and allowed the ones still producing to be bigger

Modern Agriculture Poultry and egg production has become the states largest cash crop Fastest growing crop in MS is catfish MS produces 80% of the worlds farm raised catfish

Industry MS politicians realized the state should practice BAWI because of the Great Depression BAWI – Balancing Agriculture With Industry Three reasons for limited industrial growth Lack of coal – source of energy Poorly educated people Farmed out of habit

Industry Three reasons Industries want to come to Mississippi Tax exemptions Ready made buildings Low wage labor (cost of living is lower)

Industry The largest and most important industry to come to MS under BAWI was ingalls shipyard The shipyard is also the largest industrial employer

Modern Industry By 1996 manufacturing was the largest employer in MS Two new sources of income Gaming (casinos) Tourism Today 75% of Mississippians make their living in the following ways: Factories, Trade, Service, Government, and Tourism