Post Harvest Management & Technology 22 March 2012

NCML’s Network Locations 18 States + 2 Union Territory 57 Commodities +16,000 Clients AUM – Rs 60 Billion Cross Border Trade Transaction

Permanent Footprints Locations 4 1 VIDISHAUJJAIN DEWASBIKANER 12 States

Post Harvest Management Technology used elsewhere is not necessarily the best for use under conditions in India Many of the recent developments in post-harvest technology have come about in response to the need to economize on labor, materials, and energy use, and to protect the environment. Latest jargon is “PHL” PRSERVATION OR Containment of Post Harvest Loss

Maize Post Harvest Loss (PHL) Activity% Loss 1Harvesting & Field Dryland 6.40% 2Platform Drying 4.00% 3Shelling 1.20% 4Transport to Farm 2.30% 5Farm Storage 2.10% 6Transport to Market 1.00% 7Market Storage 4.00% Total PHL 21.00% Is this the solution

Agriculture Warehousing: Macro View PSUCapacity (in million MT) FCI32.05 CWC10.07 SWCs21.29 State Civil Supplies Corporations/ Deptts Total Public Sector64.30 Cooperative Sector15.07 Private Sector18.97 Total108.75

Why Silo projects have not created replicas Mega Silo Structures without any state subsidy can be successful when the other activities in the supply chain also develop Incoming : Mega Silo being filled in by opening bagged cargo result in operational incompatibility Outgoing: Rail Rakes being filled again by re-bagging the bulk cargo will AGAIN create incompatibity Individual projects have remained only as pilots

% variation in Maize Prices vs Silo Construction materials (Base 2003)

World’s Oldest Mega Grainery for Post Harvest Management Location :Patna Capacity :140,000 MT Year: 1786 Faults the economic thinking for failing to consider the most appropriate scale for an activity Raises the question on the notion that “Bigger is Better"

POSTCOSECHA Programme ( ) in Central America has been a success. Approximately 336,000 tons of grain worth US$ 75 milo could be saved from loss. Silo technology costs (incl. financial expenses) Price for 900 kg silo = 100 USD, lifetime = 15 years => amortization costs 7.0 USD/year Interest rate = 10% => cost of capital invested3.0 USD/year Price of storage technology replaced by silo 3.0 USD/year Fumigation costs 0.5 USD/year TOTAL 13.5 USD/year Silo technology benefits 10% loss avoidance (90 kg à 0.22 USD) 20.0 USD/year Net average profit due to silo technology6.5 USD/year Silo production costs Price of tools = 200 USD, lifetime = 5 years => amortization costs 40 USD/year Interest rate = 10% => cost of capital invested10 USD/year Raw materials for 40 silos 2000 USD/year Interest rate = 10%, stocking period = 1 month => cost of operating capital 17 USD/year TOTAL 2067 USD/year Silo sales benefits 40 silos à 60 USD 2400 USD/year Net average profit from silo production333 USD/year Growers Benefit Tinsmith Benefit

Suggested Post Harvest Mgmt. Models Homegrown solutions and need based scales Labour efficiency by optimum used of technology Use of material for structures suited for the climatic regions Cost Efficiency from farm-gate to warehouse & warehouse to destination Nationwide Post Harvest Loss Grid and plugging the gaps Grading Sorting and Testing

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