Unit 1 Kinetics

Introduction M concentration massg mLL volume (s) (g) (aq) UnitAmountState of Reactant Δ means change Δ in Time Δ in Amount of Reactant or Product Reaction Rate =

Time Units s min h moles/s M/min mL/h g/min Rate Units

Measuring Reaction Rates Reactants → Products Decrease Increase as you measure them

CaCO 3(s) + 2HCl (aq) → CO 2(g) + CaCl 2(aq) + H 2 O (l) The water concentration does not change- like a drop in a bucket, as the solution is mostly water. increase M / min Concentration / time increase mL / hVolume / time Concentration / time M / s decrease g / min decrease Mass / time Property MeasuredUnits Change

1. Volume Volume (mL) Time (s) Zn (s) + 2HCl (aq) → H 2(g) + ZnCl 2(aq)

Rate in mL H 2 /s= mL =0.057 ml/s s Rate in mole H 2 STP mL s x 1 L 1000 mL x 1 mole 22.4 L x 60 s 1 min = 1.5 x mole/min 1.5 x mole H 2 min x 2 moles HCl 1 mole H 2 x 36.5 gx 60 min = 0.67 g/h 1 mole1 h Rate in g HCl/h

2.Mass of an open container Mass (g) Time (s) CaCO 3(s) + 2HCl (aq) → CO 2(g) + CaCl 2(aq) + H 2 O (l)

1. Calculate the rate in units of grams CO 2 /s. Rate= ( ) g = g/s 75 s x 1 molex 1 mole CaCO 3 x gx 3600 s = 48 g/h g CO 2 s 44.0 g 1 mole CO 2 1 mole1 h 2.Calculate the rate in grams CaCO 3 /h Keep all sig figs on calculator Round final answer

3.Pressure in a closed container Ca (s) +2HOH (l) → Ca(OH) 2(aq) + H 2(g) Diagram

4.Colour of Solution Cu (s) +2AgNO 3(aq) →2Ag (s) +Cu(NO 3 ) 2(aq) clear blue

5.If g of H 2 SO 4 is neutralized with 0.50 M NaOH in 30.0 s, what is the reaction rate in moles NaOH /min. H 2 SO 4 + 2NaOH → All g is used up and some of the 0.50 M is consumed. Rate= g H 2 SO 4 x 1 molex 2 moles NaOH 98.1 g 1 mole H 2 SO min = moles NaOH/min