Unit 7 – Imperialism through World War I Lesson # 2 – Imperialism – Day 1

Imperialism through World War I Bell ringer: Have you ever tried to control someone younger, smaller, or weaker? Why? How did you assert your power? (if you’ve never done this, write about a time you’ve seen it done) Objective: Explain how the Industrial Revolution led to competition for resources among industrialized nations. Analyze the effects of competition on nationalism. Explain how new imperialism impacted colonized peoples. Homework: Study Questions Attach Part 1: Definition Title Homework: Study Questions

The New Imperialism 1870s-1914 This overlaps with the Industrial Revolution, but they are NOT THE SAME!

Definition Imperialism – the forceful takeover of one country/region by another

Explaining Rwanda Introduction to New Imperialism

Text Quest Complete questions 1-7 Pages 757 & 758 Time: 20 minutes

Unit 7 – Imperialism through World War I Lesson # 2 – Imperialism (The Scramble for Africa)

Title: Imperialism and Political Cartoons Bell ringer: Quiz Today Who or what should decide a country’s borders? Why? Objective: Explain how the Industrial Revolution led to competition for resources among industrialized nations. Analyze the effects of competition on nationalism. Explain how new imperialism impacted colonized peoples. Homework: Title: Imperialism and Political Cartoons

Imperialism Quiz Prepare for a timed quiz on Imperialism You will need a half sheet of paper Include Name, Date, Period, Title of Assignment 2 minutes per question Write number and response only No talking, papers will be collected

Imperialism Quiz Which of the following is not a reason why the Industrial Revolution led to New Imperialism? (1 pt) ___ New technology allowed Europeans to better explore other parts of the world A high demand for natural resources Challenge of traditional authority in European government Europeans felt compelled to share their industrialized advantages with the world

Quiz 2. Identify two European countries that participated in the Scramble for Africa. (2 pts) ___

Quiz 3. Explain how the Scramble for Africa prevented direct conflict between European countries. (2 pts) ___

Quiz 4. Desire for raw materials, new markets, and cheap labor Desire to spread European civilization Desire to control as much land as possible These are all causes of… (1 pt) ___ a. Militarism b. Socialism c. Imperialism d. Ethnocentrism

Quiz 5. Explain Put the main idea of the “White Man’s Burden” into your own words: (2 pts) ___

Quiz 6. Which African countries were the only two to avoid being colonized by European powers? (1 pt) ___ Congo and South Africa Kenya and Nigeria Morocco and Tunisia Ethiopia and Liberia

Quiz 7. Explain one reason why the Berlin Conference was unable to bring lasting stability to Africa (1 pt) ___

The Industrial Revolution The IR leads to the colonization of Africa New technology from the IR (such as the steamboat) allows Europeans to travel further inland in Africa than they had before In his book Heart of Darkness, Joseph Conrad describes the interior of Africa as one of the last “blank spots” on the world map—New Imperialism changes that! Business Owners need more factors of production (think land resources)—Africa has plenty! “Keep the factories hot!”

Famous Explorers: Dr. Livingstone British Explored over 30 yrs Anti-imperialist Most famous explorer “Dr. Livingstone, I presume?” Doctor David Livingstone (19 March 1813–1 May 1873) was a Scottish Congregationalist pioneer medical missionary with the London Missionary Society and explorer in central Africa. He was the first European to see Victoria Falls (Mosi-oa-Tunya), to which he gave the English name in honour of his monarch, Queen Victoria. He is the subject of the meeting with H. M. Stanley, which gave rise to the popular quotation, "Dr Livingstone, I presume?"

Cecil Rhodes British Explorer Came to South Africa at 17 Became one of the richest men in the world Diamonds, gold Wanted $ AND power Very pro-imperialist He was prime minister of Cape Colony (1890–96) and organizer of the giant diamond-mining company De Beers Consolidated Mines, Ltd. (1888). By his will he established the Rhodes scholarships at Oxford (1902).

Scramble for Africa European nations could get more land in Africa and Asia, and so did not need to fight directly over the land in Europe.

Scramble for Africa How is this character portrayed? List the objects in this cartoon? How are they symbolized? Are there any captions in this cartoon? Does it need any? What information do you have that is relevant to the political cartoon? Explain and be specific.

Scramble for Africa Africa Before European Colonialism : 7th to 16th century Africa After Colonialism (Postcolonial era): 1945-1990

How is this character portrayed? List the objects in this cartoon? How are they symbolized? Are there any captions in this cartoon? Does it need any? What information do you have that is relevant to the political cartoon? Explain and be specific. What is the overall message of this cartoon?

French Empire, 1914

British army officials and Indian princes playing polo in 1880 Examine photograph carefully. Look at expressions on faces and ask what the photographer intended to show. Is this photograph staged? How does the news media stage the news? British army officials and Indian princes playing polo in 1880 What does this photo tell you about British-Indian relations at this time?

Elements for Political Cartoons Editorial- point of view or opinion Cynical-distrust of motives Symbol-object represents something else Caption- title and quotes Caricature-exaggeration of personal characteristics Personification-giving objects ability to speak, walk, etc.

Activity # 1: White Man’s Burden

Activity # 1: White Man’s Burden

Racist Motives? Many Europeans justified taking over Africans’ land by saying they were helping the “African savages” achieve civilization In his poem “The White Man’s Burden,” Rudyard Kipling explains African Imperialism as a mission from God to spread Christianity and other Western beliefs

Criticism The books Heart of Darkness (written by a European) and Things Fall Apart (written by an African) both criticize the “White Man’s Burden” by saying the explorers did not care about helping Africans at all but about exploiting them to get rich

Activity 2: The Berlin Conference

1884: The Berlin Conference European leaders meet to stop fighting over Africa No Africans invited RESULT: no European country could claim part of Africa unless they set up a government office there 20 years later: Almost entire continent divided No attention paid to traditional or ethnic patterns

Which colonial power had the most land?

Activity 3: The Map of Africa

Activity 4: Reactions to Belgian Imperialism in the Congo

Economic Effects in Africa: Infrastructure built - roads, schools, hospitals, telephones, etc… Cash crop economies - unsustainable and no diversification of foodstuffs Uneven development - only areas around natural resources that mattered to Europeans

Other Economic Effects in Africa:

Resistance to Imperialism (Page 221 in Notebook) Ethiopia – modernized already to successfully fight off Italian imperialists Liberia – founded by freed US slaves, and so had the protection of the U.S.

Modern Imperialism? Does Imperialism still exist? In forms other than domination of another nation?

Modern Imperialism?

Exit Ticket If the Africans had been invited to the Berlin Conference how would Africa be better today? 1 paragraph (5+ sentences) response Draw an illustration with these elements Editorial Cynical Symbol Caption Caricature Personification