Comets, Meteors, and Asteroids. Structure of a Comet To Sun Ion Tail Dust Tail Coma.

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Presentation transcript:

Comets, Meteors, and Asteroids

Structure of a Comet To Sun Ion Tail Dust Tail Coma

Comet Structure  Nucleus  10 km “Dirty Snowball”  Coma  Cloud of evaporated ices and ions  may be 100,000 km in diameter  Tail  Always points away from Sun  Solar Wind and Radiation Pressure

The Oort Cloud  In 1950 Jan Oort noticed that  no comet has been observed with an orbit that indicates that it came from interstellar space,  there is a strong tendency for aphelia of long period comet orbits to lie at a distance of about 50,000 AU, and  there is no preferential direction from which comets come.

The Oort Cloud

Comet Halley

Bayeaux Tapestry Norman Invasion of 1066

Comet Halley 1910 Pope Callixtus III excommunicated Halley's Comet in 1456 In 1910, charlatans sold "comet pills" Orbit

Comet Nucleus

Comet of 1577

Hyakutake

Hale-Bopp

Comet West

The Cause of Meteor Showers P55/Tempel-Tuttle

Why After Midnight is Best Rotational Velocity Orbital Velocity Midnight

Shower Radiant

The 1833 storm

The 1966 storm

1997 Leonids from Orbit

Two Showers for Halley

Sporadic Meteors IronsStony-Irons Chondrites Carbonaceous Chondrite Achondrite

Barringer’s Crater An iron meteorite 100 feet across and 70,000 tons slamed into the Earth at about 43,000mph in the Arizona desert near Flagstaff 40,000 years ago. Barringer Crater is 4,100 feet wide and 571 feet deep.

Other Impact Craters

Tunguska, 1908

How Much Damage?

Ida - Dactyl

Gaspra

Kirkwood Gaps

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