Ch.10, Sec.1 – Jefferson Takes Office The Election of 1800 - the election pitted the Federalists & John Adams against the Democratic-Republicans & Thomas Jefferson - the Federalists felt the country would be taken over by radicals (people with extreme political views) - the Democratic-Republicans felt the country would be taken over by monarchists & oppression (Alien & Sedition Acts) - Jefferson won the election with 73 electoral votes, but Aaron Burr also had received 73 electoral votes, so there had to be a tiebreaking vote!

Ch.10, Sec.1 – Jefferson Takes Office Breaking the Tie - according to the Constitution, the House of Representatives had to choose between the two candidates - unfortunately for Jefferson, the House of Representatives was a Federalist majority - even Alexander Hamilton voted in favor of Jefferson over Burr - after 35 times of voting in one week, there was still no clear winner, so Alexander Hamilton persuaded more Federalist friends to vote for Jefferson over Burr

Ch.10, Sec.1 – Jefferson Takes Office - Burr was voted in as vice-president and never forgave Hamilton for his insults - eventually in 1804, Burr challenged Hamilton to a duel after he once again questioned his political abilities while running for New York governor - in the duel, Burr shot & killed Hamilton!!!

Ch.10, Sec.1 – Jefferson Takes Office

Ch.10, Sec.1 – Jefferson Takes Office The Talented Jefferson - Jefferson was the most talented president our country has ever had - Jefferson was a gifted lawyer, architect (he helped design Washington, D.C.), scientist, inventor, violinist, reader, & politician - Jefferson also designed his mansion, Monticello, in Charlottesville, Virginia

Ch.10, Sec.1 – Jefferson Takes Office Jefferson’s Philosophy - Jefferson felt the strength of our country lay with small, independent farmers - Jefferson refused to elevate himself because of his presidential office

Ch.10, Sec.1 – Jefferson Takes Office Undoing Federalist Programs - Jefferson wanted to undo many of the Federalist programs, so he allowed the Alien & Sedition Acts to end, he ended the tax on whiskey, and changed economic policies - Jefferson opposed public debt, so he used tariffs & land sales to reduce the amount of money owed by the government

Ch.10, Sec.1 – Jefferson Takes Office Marshall and the Judiciary - before Adams left office in 1801, he appointed as many Federalist judges to the Supreme Court as possible through the Judiciary Act of 1801 - Adams also appointed a Federalist chief justice named John Marshall who served for over thirty years and helped to increase federal authority & federal courts - Jefferson had no authority to change the Federalist Supreme Court

Ch.10, Sec.1 – Jefferson Takes Office Marbury vs. Madison - William Marbury was appointed by John Adams as justice of the peace for the District of Columbia, but Secretary of State James Madison refused to appoint him - Marbury tried to sue, but the Supreme Court ruled the case as unconstitutional - the case was thrown out but did help to establish judicial review, which gave the courts the final say to interpret the Constitution