Tissue Tissue an integrated group of cells with a common structure and function

Plant tissues 1.Meristematic tissue: rapid cell division, lengthening of shoots and roots 2.Dermal tissue: covering for the plant body 3.Ground tissue: support, photosynthesis, and storage 4.Vascular tissue: conduction of water, food, and dissolved minerals; strengthens and supports the plant

Apical meristem In shoot tips and root tips In shoot tips and root tips Allium cepa root tip Allium cepa root tip Root cap Apical meristem Region of cell differentiation /maturation Region of cell elongation Region of cell division

Dermal Tissue Single layer of cells called the epidermis in herbaceous plants Single layer of cells called the epidermis in herbaceous plants – guard cells – trichomes – root hairs Functions Functions – absorption – secretion of cuticle – protection – control of gas exchange Epidermis Cuticle

Ground Tissue PARENCHYMACOLLENCHYMASCLERENCHYMA Characteristics spherical thin-walled living, metabolizing tissue elongated cells with unevenly thickened cell walls alive at maturity with primary and secondary cell walls dead at functional maturity Location throughout the plant beneath the epidermis in young stems and in leaf veins fibers in wood, bark, leaves, stems sclereids in fruits and seeds Functions photosynthesis and respiration storage regeneration flexible support system structural support Appearance

Vascular Tissue Xylem – Conducts water and dissolved minerals from the roots Phloem – Conducts dissolved food materials, carbohydrates, in solution Continuous throughout plant Support plant body

All 4 types of tissues are present in the root tip

Young dicot stem Young monocot stem

FOUR TYPES OF ANIMAL TISSUES

Epithelial Tissue (Covering) Tightly-joined closely-packed cells One side of exposed to air or internal fluid, other side attached to a basement membrane Covers outside of the body; lines internal organs and cavities Barrier against mechanical injury, invasive microorganisms, fluid loss Provides surface for absorption, excretion and transport of molecules

Types of Epithelial Tissue Cell shape 1.Squamous 2.Cuboidal 3.Columnar Number of cell layers 1.Simple 2.Pseudostratified 3.Stratified RELATE STRUCTURE TO FUNCTION!

Binding and support of other tissues Large amount of extracellular matrix with fewer cells ECM - network of fibers in liquid, jelly-like or solid matrix

Muscle Tissue (Movement) Composed of long cells called muscle fibers Contraction  movement

Nervous tissue (Control) Senses stimuli and transmits nerve impulses Single cell body with long extensions (axons and dendrites) Axon Dendrite Cell body