Knowledge Management Systems Week 2 Schedule - Syllabus Updates - Web Site - Blogs Analysis - Groupware Analysis - Topic Review & Selection - Readings Discussion

Questions to Consider What is KM? What Does KM Provide? Best Approaches for KM? KM as a Process? Who Does KM? Assuming we understand all that – what is a KMS?

Working Knowledge What Do We Talk About When We Talk About Knowledge? The Promise and Challenge of Knowledge Markets Knowledge Generation Knowledge Coordination and Codification - “the only unlimited resource” – Paul Romer

Talking about Knowledge? Information Technology has enabled a promise that knowledge can be managed, captured, measured and transferred. - Speed of Transfer SIGs and Communities of Practice Too Fast? - Measurement of Knowledge? Quantitative and Qualitative Decision Making - Economics of Knowledge Nobel Prize(s) Business Process Modeling

Knowledge as a Product? Something to measure - Knowledge Audit - “You have 300 new messages” Shouldn’t it be more than information? - Richer - Contextual - Brain = Info, Mind=Knowledge “Experience is the best teacher” - Product of Time? - Manage Time?

Knowledge Boom? Who are the Knowledge Wildcatters? What are the Knowledge Syndicates? Knowledge De-Regulation? What was going on before the boom? Knowledge Vacuum - Noticing lost knowledge because it is gone. - Working to improve organizational performance. Driven by Technology? - IT as a means? - IT causes workplace paradigm shifts?

Path to Knowledge Data Information – Added Value - Contextualized: purpose data is gathered - Categorized: key components recognized - Calculated: analyzed - Corrected: error free - Condensed: summarized - “the difference that makes a difference” – Bateson Knowledge - Action (decisions) - Experience (wisdom)

Types of Knowledge Experience - Individuals - Groups - Cultures Ground Truth - Situational - Active Complexity - Plastic - Sensemaking - Interpretation

Types of Knowledge 2 Rules of Thumb and Intuition - Heuristics - Procedures - “Scripts” Values and Beliefs - Culture (again) - Perspectives - “Beliefs and Commitment” – Nonaka & Takeuchi

Seeking Knowledge Managers get 66% of their Knowledge from face-to-face meetings or phone conversations. P 12 People find most Web sites via recommendation. (Not much active searching.) How can a KMS help with seeking? - Help sharing knowledge - Help sharing the burden of seeking

Knowledge Interpreted Is Knowledge a Product or a Service? What isn’t Knowledge once interpreted? That Difference that makes you more Competitive? Knowledge is the main difference, the principle (competitive) advantage. - Technologies eventually even out - The changes to culture and individuals don’t. Information Technology can enable changes that last beyond their influence. - Networked Knowledge - Networked Organization

Knowledge Markets Economists moving into KM? Markets Mean Measurement - KM Mutual Fund? Best employees Best ideas - KM Index Fund?

KM Consider the Source Political Economy of Knowledge Markets - Organizations - Individual Roles Buyers Sellers Brokers (Gatekeepers, Librarians, IT) Position and Education (Informal Networks) Communites of Practice

Knowledge Economy Pricing - Current Value - Future Value - Current Investment - Future Investment Reciprocity Repute Altruism Trust Signals

Knowledge Economy (In)Efficiencies Is there ever a perfect market? What is the KM equivalent of “Irrational Exuberance”? (Greenspan, Shiller) Incompleteness - Where is the Knowledge? - Who sets the price? Asymmetry - One Department, One Person Localness - Neighbors - Peers - “Satisficing” (Simon and March)

Knowledge Market Pathologies Monopolies - Technological - Organizational (Artificial) Scarcity - Recency - Frequency Trade Barriers - IT - Personnel - Culture Building Marketplaces - Shopping Time - Cultural Shift - Technological Shift

Information as Product: Wurman “The Age of Also” - Options are Golden Handcuffs - Seeking is an End in itself “Prosumption” - The Age of User Groups (Teach & Learn at Once) - Society and Consumers (Precision & Repetition) Information Presentation - Medium is the Message - Varieties of Information and Knowledge Literacy The Internet Changes Everything? - Empowerment? (Value) - Speed? Does IT Change Everything?

Knowledge Generation Acquisition Rental Processes - R & D - Fusion - Adaptation - Innovation Resource Allocation

Knowledge Codification Goals for Codified Knowledge - Slow and imperfect initially Identify Knowledge in Various Forms to Reach Goals Evaluate Knowledge for Utility and Codification Resolve Medium for Codification and Access

Types of Knowledge Tacit Knowledge - Internalized - “Not Known” - Serendipitous - Difficult to Capture Explicit Knowledge - Externalized - Easily Found - Permanent - Difficult to Process for Utility

Capturing Knowledge Maps Narratives Surveys Measurement as Capture Anthropology Technology

New Knowledge Markets World Wide Web Blogs - Group & Individual - Work & Play Social Networking Software - Orkut - Friendster Is “build it yourself” knowledge better? - More personal? - More relevant? - More temporal? Time to make, consume and use knowledge

Studying & Building New Markets Communities (of Practice) Networks Knowledge Marketplace Evaluation IT R&D Knowledge Packet Tracing

Codifying Knowledge Know the Goal Know it when you see it Evaluate its purpose Delivery platform Anthropology? Information Architecture? Classification?

Mapping Knowledge Different kinds of knowledge are discovered, codified and used in different ways A set of rules for this? - Universal - Cultural - Global or Local? Build a Map - Time & Technology - Information Architecture Capturing everything with IT?

Capturing Knowledge Narrative subtlety - - Blogs - Comments & Annotations Data Mining Data Analysis - Cultural Context - Business Context Too much organization - Update - Use