WARM - UP Update your Table of Contents Write your homework – leave it to be stamped Divide page 16 into 4 squares and label each square: Element, Compound, Mixture, Solution Turn your Chemistry Rap into the basket or get ready to perform it! Date Session # Activity Page 1/11 11 Element, Compound, Mixture, Solution 4-Square 16 Balancing Act 17 Practice Equations 18

Study Jams Video 1: Elements & Compounds Video 2: Mixtures & Solutions

QUICK RECAP Compounds, Mixtures, Solutions

Elements: MUST be on the Periodic Table OF ELEMENTS Pure substances made of only one type of atom Combine to form all other types of matter Examples: Silver Calcium Oxygen

Compounds: Two or more elements combine during a chemical reaction Must be combined in definite ratios Chemical Change/Reaction Examples: Water Salt Sugar

Mixture Combination of 2 or more substances Basic mixtures are NOT the same throughout – heterogeneous Do not have to be combined in specific ratios Physical Change Can be liquid, solid or gas Different types: Solutions Suspensions Colloids Examples: Soil Fruit salad

Solution: A type of MIXTURE that is the same throughout - homogeneous Solute- substance being dissolved Solvent- substance doing the dissolving Physical Change Examples: Salt water Lemonade Salt = Solute Water= Solvent Salt Water= Solution

Suspension: A type of HETEROGENEOUS MIXTURE Particles will not dissolve, insoluble, or are suspended Examples: Italian dressing

Colloid: A type of HOMOGENEOUS SOLUTION Have an “in between” texture Examples: Jell-O Pudding

Element, Compound, Mixture or Solution? Cool Whip

Element, Compound, Mixture or Solution? Sugar =

Element, Compound, Mixture or Solution? Gold

Element, Compound, Mixture or Solution? Pebbles

Element, Compound, Mixture or Solution? Methane – CH4

Sum It Up! Quick one question assessment to make sure you understand the difference between a compound, mixture and solution Complete all parts of the assessment, make sure your name is on it and then bring it to me!

So, Matter Can Change Form When Combined, BUT…The BIG Question Is: In a physical or chemical change, is new matter created, or does matter disappear?

Law of Conservation of Mass (Matter) Matter cannot be created or destroyed, it can only change form So where does the wood go?

Law of Conservation of Matter is the KEY to Balancing Equations! NaF Na F In other words, what goes in, must come out!

Chemical Reactions Reactants – Product – Elements present at the beginning of a chemical reaction Product – Compounds formed by a chemical reaction

REACTANTS PRODUCT

What are the Reactants? What are the Products? NaF Na F The arrow indicates that a chemical reaction has occurred

Balancing Chemical Equations Since matter can neither be created nor destroyed, the amount of reactants must always equal the amount of product

Balancing Chemical Equations Before (Reactants) After (Product) NaF Na F Na = 1 Na = 1 F = 1 F = 1

But What If It Doesn’t? STOP, THINK, DISCUSS… If you weigh your elements before a chemical reaction, and the compounds afterwards and they do not have the same mass before and after what likely happened during the chemical reaction?

Components of a Chemical Equation (Label your diagram) Formula Chemical Formula  2H2 + O2 2H2O Coefficient Subscript Coefficient Subscripts (Reactants) (Products)

What is that little number? Subscript – Shows how many atoms of an element are in a compound. When there is NO subscript there is only 1atom of that element. O2 NH4 H2O Li3F2 K5N4C2 NaCl

What is that big number in front? Coefficient – The number of molecules (compounds) involved in a chemical reaction H2 O2 H2 H2O 2 O2 2 H2

You must multiply…it is like the distributive property in math! So the coefficient tells you the number of molecules, but what about each atom? You must multiply…it is like the distributive property in math! 2NH4 5H2O 3O2 2Li3F2 4NaCl 2K5N4C2

Rules for Balancing Chemical Equations 1. You CANNOT change subscripts, ONLY coefficients H2 + O2 2H2O 2. It does NOT have to look the same on both sides, it only has to be balanced 3. You CANNOT split compounds to write in a coefficient: HCl 2

Rules to Balancing Chemical Equations 4. Only multiply through when it is a compound because they have already bonded 2H + Cl 2HCl NO YES 5. If it is a capital letter, they are each a separate element: H, C, O If it is a capital letter followed by a lower case letter, it is all one element: Cl, Li, Si

Steps for Balancing Chemical Equations 1. Divide the reactants from the products with a line. 2. Write down the chemical symbol of each of the elements on each side of the equation 2 H2 + O 2 2H2O H = O = H = O =

Steps to Balancing Chemical Equations 3. Using the coefficients and subscripts write down the number of each element 4. If they are not balanced change the coefficients using trial and error. You will have to go back and forth between each side! 2 H2 + O 2 2H2O H = 4 O = 2 H = 4 O = 2

Lets Practice P4O6 P + O2

Lets Practice Na2O Na + O2

Lets Practice Al + O2 Al2O3

Lets Practice Cl2 + KI KCl + I2

WARM - UP Update your Table of Contents Write your homework – leave it to be stamped Answer the following question in your notebook: What is the Law of Conservation of Mass? Date Session # Activity Page 1/15 13 Law of Conservation of Mass Activities 19 Balancing Equations Practice 20

ANNOUNCEMENTS & REMINDERS Tutoring on Tuesdays 8:15…please let me know if you plan on coming! Bring your own technology (BYOT) laptops, iPads for Thursday

LAW OF CONSERVATION OF MASS (MATTER) REVIEW LAW OF CONSERVATION OF MASS (MATTER)

Law of Conservation of Mass (Matter) Matter cannot be created or destroyed, it can only change form What goes in, must come out!

Law of Conservation of Mass (Matter) Lab Investigation Roles Group Leader – Responsible for reading and making sure the group is following directions accurately and completing all parts of the lab Supply Manager – gets and returns supplies and makes sure they are clean Measurement Technician – gets and returns the scale balance and is responsible for accurate mass measurements Data Technician – makes sure the group records the mass data before and after the experiment, assists measurement technician in calibrating the scale

Law of Conservation of Mass (Matter) Lab Investigation Send your supply manager to get the lab kit and measurement technician to get the scale balance Group leader, read the directions carefully twice before starting!! WARNING: YOUR BALLOON IS ALREADY FULL OF BAKING SODA, DO NOT TIP IT INTO THE GRADUATED CYLINDER ACCIDENTALLY!

Law of Conservation of Mass (Matter) Lab Investigation Clean-Up Balloons in the garbage Rinse graduated cylinder thoroughly Wipe up any spills Put all items back into your lab kit & put them on the counter Put scale balance back onto cart Make sure every group member has measurements and an explanation

Law of Conservation of Mass (Matter) Analyzing Reactions Some chemical reactions are ENDOTHERMIC = absorb energy Some chemical reactions are EXOTHERMIC = produce energy How would you tell the difference?

Endothermic Vs. Exothermic ENDOTHERMIC – An endothermic process absorbs heat and causes the temperature around it to cool – needs energy to occur Photosynthesis (needs energy from the sun) EXOTHERMIC – An exothermic process releases heat and causes the temperature around it to rise – occur spontaneously Release heat, sound or light energy

REVIEW BALANCING EQUATIONS

Rules for Balancing Chemical Equations 1. You CANNOT change subscripts, ONLY coefficients H2 + O2 2H2O 2. It does NOT have to look the same on both sides, it only has to be balanced 3. You CANNOT split compounds to write in a coefficient: HCl 2

Rules to Balancing Chemical Equations 4. Only multiply through when it is a compound because they have already bonded 2H + Cl 2HCl NO YES 5. If it is a capital letter, they are each a separate element: H, C, O If it is a capital letter followed by a lower case letter, it is all one element: Cl, Li, Si

Steps for Balancing Chemical Equations 1. Divide the reactants from the products with a line. 2. Write down the chemical symbol of each of the elements on each side of the equation 2 H2 + O 2 2H2O H = O = H = O =

Steps to Balancing Chemical Equations 3. Using the coefficients and subscripts write down the number of each element 4. If they are not balanced change the coefficients using trial and error. You will have to go back and forth between each side! 2 H2 + O 2 2H2O H = 4 O = 2 H = 4 O = 2

Lets Do One Together… Na + O2 Na2O

Complete the Practice Worksheet

WARM - UP Update your Table of Contents Write your homework – leave it to be stamped Review the rules and steps to balancing equations because you will be given a Warm-Up Assessment with 5 equations Date Session # Activity Page 1/17 13 Technology Review Games –nothing to paste XXXX

Equation 1- Balance Box Answer P + O P₄O₁₀

Equation 2- Balance Box Answer Cl₂ + NaBr NaCl + Br₂

Equation 3- Balance Box Answer Cs + N₂ Cs₃N

Equation 4- Balance Box Answer CuCl₂ + H₂S CuS + HCl

Equation 5- Balance Box Answer Al + HCl AlCl₃ + H₂

REVIEW You can work with a PARTNER, as some games require 2 players Play the review games listed on the sheet given to you and your partner…if you get through all of them ONLY then can you search for alternate CHEMISTRY RELATED sites

EXPECTATIONS I expect you and your partner to play only what you are supposed to without being disruptive in any way!! When you are working with me you are expected to complete the equations

Lets Practice: Part D - #1 Na + MgF2 NaF + Mg

Lets Practice: Part D - #2 Cl2 + KI KCl + I2

Lets Practice: Part D - #3 HCl + NaOH NaCl + H2O

Lets Practice: Part D - #4 Na + NaNO3 Na2O + N2

Lets Practice: Part D - #5 PbBr2 + HCl HBr + PbCl2

Try 6, 7 & 8 on your own, and then check the answer key REVIEW Try 6, 7 & 8 on your own, and then check the answer key

Lets Practice: Part D - #6 Na3P + CaF2 NaF + Ca3P2

Lets Practice: Part D - #7 AlBr3 + K KBr + Al

Lets Practice: Part D - #8 CaF2 + Li2SO4 CaSO4 + LiF