Supportive connective tissue Cartilage Mrs. Dalia Kamal Eldien MSC in Microbiology Lecture NO 5
Objectives Revision of connective tissue classification Definition of supportive connective tissue Functions of supportive connective tissue Definition of cartilage& it is functions Constituents of cartilage Types of cartilage
Connective tissue properFluid connective tissueSupporting connective tissue Connective Tissue Dense connective tissue Loose connective tissue LymphCartilageBoneBlood What are the subcategories of the three main categories of connective tissue?
Specialized connective tissue is further subdivided into : Adipose connective tissue Reticular connective tissue Elastic connective tissue Cartilage Supportive connective tissue Bone Blood Fluid connective tissue Lymph Classification of connective tissue
SUPPORTIVE CONNECTIVE TISSUE DEFINITION The tissue that support and makes the framework of body is called supportive connective tissue. Types Supportive connective tissue is of two types: 1. Cartilage 2. Bone Together bones and cartilage make up the skeleton.
SUPPORTIVE CONNECTIVE TISSUE FUNCTIONS OF SUPPORTIVE CONNECTIVE TISSUE Support Protection(skull protect brain, vertebrate protect the spinal cord, ribs protect the lungs) Storage of minerals (calcium and phosphorus) Site for Hematopoiesis (red bone marrow )
SUPPORTIVE CONNECTIVE TISSUE
CARTILAGE: Is a flexible connective tissue found in many areas in the body of humans and other animals, including the joints between bones, ribs, ear, nose, bronchial tubes and the intervertebral discs. It is not hard and rigid as bone but is stiffer and less flexible than muscle.
Constituents of cartilage: It is made up of cells called chondroblasts and chondrocytes, (chondro - cartilage) and extracellular matrix. Extracellular matrix made up about 10% aggrecan, 75% water, and a mix of collagen fibers and elastic fibers in varying proportions based on local biomechanical needs of the organs in which it is located.
SUPPORTIVE CONNECTIVE TISSUE CARTILAGE Features –Flexible tissue –Contains no blood vessels or nerves –Matrix contains up to 80% water –Cell type – chondrocyte
Chondrocytes
SUPPORTIVE CONNECTIVE TISSUE Function of cartilage –Supports soft tissue of the body. –It provides smooth sliding surfaces in the joints to facilitate bone movement. –Cartilage is essential for the growth of the long bones before and after birth.
SUPPORTIVE CONNECTIVE TISSUE Types: –Hyaline –Elastic –Fibrocartilage
SUPPORTIVE CONNECTIVE TISSUE HYALINE CARTILAGE This type of cartilage has a glassy appearance when fresh, hence its name, as hyalos (is Greek word for glassy). Hyaline cartilage has widely dispersed fine collagen fibers, which strengthen it it is the weakest of the three types of cartilage. Description –Collagen fibers –Chondroblasts produce matrix –Chondrocytes lie in lacunae
Hyaline cartilage
SUPPORTIVE CONNECTIVE TISSUE Location –Ends of long bones –Costal cartilage of ribs –Cartilages of nose, trachea, and larynx Location
SUPPORTIVE CONNECTIVE TISSUE ELASTIC In elastic cartilage, the chondrocytes are found in a threadlike network of elastic fibers within the matrix. Elastic cartilage provides strength, and elasticity, and maintains the shape of certain structure such as the external ear.
Description –Similar to hyaline cartilage –More elastic fibers in matrix Function –Maintains shape of structure –Allows great flexibility
Elastic cartilge
SUPPORTIVE CONNECTIVE TISSUE Location –Supports external ear –Epiglottis
SUPPORTIVE CONNECTIVE TISSUE FIBROCARTILAGE This is the strongest kind of cartilage, because it has alternating layers of hyaline cartilage matrix and thick layers of dense collagen fibers oriented in the direction of functional Description –Matrix similar, but less firm than hyaline cartilage –Thick collagen fibers predominate –Chondrocyte are lie in rows and isogenic groups Function –Tensile strength and ability to absorb compressive shock
Fibro cartilge
SUPPORTIVE CONNECTIVE TISSUE Location –Inter vertebral discs –Discs of knee joint