Test Automation For Web-Based Applications Portnov Computer School Presenter: Ellie Skobel

2 Day 2 Matching Text Patterns

describe the expected text  Allow the user to describe the expected text, via the use of special characters.  Frequently required by Selenese commands:  assertText or waitForText  assertTitle  assertPrompt or waitForPrompt  assertConfirmation or waitForConfirmation and others …  Link locators can also utilize patterns

There are three ways to match patterns:  Globbing - Utilized in filename expansion at a DOS or Unix/Linux command line  Regular expressions - Supported by most high- level programming languages, and utilities grep, sed, and awk  Exact – useful if you needed to look for an actual asterisk character, or square brackets

Only two special characters are supported in Selenium  Asterisk (*): Translates to “match anything” ◦ Nothing ◦ Single character ◦ Many characters 1  Character Class [ … ]: Translates to “match any 1 character found inside the brackets PATTERN * Will match “PATTERN” PATTERN * Will match “PATTERN” PATTERN * Will match “PATTERNS” PATTERN * Will match “PATTERNS” PATTERN * Will match “PATTERN & MORE!” PATTERN * Will match “PATTERN & MORE!” [a-zA-Z0-9] Matches any alphanumeric character [a-zA-Z0-9] Matches any alphanumeric character [0-9] Matches any digit [0-9] Matches any digit [aeiou] Matches any lowercase vowel [aeiou] Matches any lowercase vowel

 To specify a globbing pattern for a Selenese command prefix the pattern with “glob:”  GLOB: is the default in Selenium IDE any one character exactly Unlike in DOS the (?) special character which translates to any one character exactly is not supported in Selenium CommandTargetValue clicklink=glob:*out assertTitleOrangeHRM*

 Much more versatile then GLOB  Many special characters and character grouping options supported. MATCH.any single character [ ]character class: any single character that appears inside the brackets *quantifier: 0 or more of the preceding character (or group) +quantifier: 1 or more of the preceding character (or group) ?quantifier: 0 or 1 of the preceding character (or group) {1,5}quantifier: 1 through 5 of the preceding character (or group) |alternation: the character/group on the left or the character/group on the right ( )grouping: often used with alternation and/or quantifier

Regular expression patterns need to be prefixed with “regexp:” or “regexpi:”  REGEXP : is case-sensitive  REGEXPI : is case-insensitive. CommandTargetValue clicklink=regexpi:.*out assertTitleregexp:OrangeHRM.* Note: Unlike GLOB, when using REGEXP the (*) character needs to be used together with a second qualifier.

 regexp:.*[0-9]{1,2}:[0-9]{2} [ap]m ◦ Will match 12 hour time format hh:mm  regexpi: ^[a-z]*$ ◦ Will match any 1 word in lower, upper, or mixed case.  regexp:.* thinks (dogs|cats|fish) make great pets.  :32 pm 9:19 pm 00:00 am HELLO Antidisestablishmentarianism cheese Alice thinks fish make great pets thinks dogs make great pets! NOBODY thinks cats make great pets?

 Useful when the string being matched contains special characters such as “** Disclaimers”  Exact patterns need to be prefixed with “exact:” CommandTargetValue assertTextPresentexact: ** Not for resale