Image by Nemo

October 13, 1987 – January 13, 1988 Case focused on freedom of speech, freedom of the press Controversial articles removed from a school newspaper about… Teen pregnancy Divorce Principal removed the articles from final version Inappropriate references to sexual activity Students mentioned in pregnancy article would be easy to identify even though names were changed Parents’ names were included without their consent in article about a girl blaming the father for her parents divorce Took out not only the two articles, but the entire page each article was on

1 st Amendment- students’ freedom of speech/freedom of the press The journalists that claimed there was a violation, they did so because the articles they had worked hard on were removed from the school paper censorship Image by Andrys

Case was taken to the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Missouri Ruled rights were not violated Appealed to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit Ruled the students rights were violated by the school district Appealed again to the U.S. Supreme Court to certiorari, or review the decision of a lower court

Delivered by Supreme Court Justice Byron White School officials have power over student speech In the promotion of educational goals Opinion of the Court: Schools have the right to regulate material in order to keep it appropriate for the audience Byron White

Delivered by Supreme Court Justice William J. Brennan, Jr. Supported by Justices Marshall and Blackmun School newspapers are a place where students are able to express their First Amendment rights Case violated right to have protection from censorship Minority Opinion: “School officials may censor only such student speech as would ‘materially disrup[t]’ a legitimate curricular function” (Brennan). Restrictions should only apply to prevent students from disrupting school activities Reflects on court ruling in Tinker v. Des Moines

Students still have rights on school grounds Tinker v. Des Moines Independent Community School District Students were told that they would be suspended for wearing arm bands that protested against the Vietnam War Violations of students’ freedom of speech/expression Court decision: students had a right to wear these arm bands Reflected on in the dissenting opinion Just as in Tinker, the articles in the school newspaper were not a major disruption of classwork

Ruled in favor of the Hazelwood School District No violation of First Amendment rights Students and adults have equal First Amendment rights- adults’ rights were not being considered and therefore the principal is justified in removing the articles Journalism classes are part of school curriculum, not a public forum Restrictions are okay if it is because of educational objectives

1924–2005 Bachelor's and a master's degree in political science- Stanford University Master's degree in government- Harvard University Law degree- Stanford Law School 1971-appointed into the supreme court by president Nixon made chief justice by President Reagan Remained so until death in 2005

Court decisions Dissenter in 1973 Roe v. Wade, voting against legalized abortion Won victory in 1995 United States v. Lopez, made carrying a gun in a school zone legal again Presiding judge in President Clinton’s impeachment trial Supporter in 2000 Bush v. Gore supreme court decision not to recount Florida's contested votes

Restricted first amendment rights for students School authorities are given control of students freedom of speech and expression if it is affiliated with the school Or if interrupting the educational process

Andrys. Newspaper. Digital image. Pixabay. N.p., Sept Web. 23 Dec Byron White. Digital image. Wikipedia. N.p., n.d. Web. 1 Jan Cambron-McCabe, Nelda, and Ellen Bueschel. "Students' Rights." Social Issues in America: An Encyclopedia. Ed. James Ciment. Armonk, NY: Sharpe Reference, Gale Virtual Reference Library. Web. 19 Dec "FindLaw | Cases and Codes." FindLaw | Cases and Codes. N.p., n.d. Web. 19 Dec "Hazelwood School District v. Kuhlmeier." Great American Court Cases. Ed. Mark Mikula and L. Mpho Mabunda. Vol. 1: Individual Liberties. Detroit: Gale, Opposing Viewpoints in Context. Web. 19 Dec Nemo. Justice. Digital image. Pixabay. N.p., July Web. 1 Jan Raskin, Jamin B. "Hazelwood School District v. Kuhlmeier." We the Students: Supreme Court Cases for and about Students. Washington, D.C.: CQ, Print. Raskin, Jamin B. "Hazelwood School." We the Students: Supreme Court Cases for and about Students. Washington, D.C.: CQ, N. pag. Print. "William Rehnquist." Bio.com. A&E Networks Television, n.d. Web. 01 Jan "Facts and Case Summary: Hazelwood v. Kuhlmeier." USCOURTSGOV RSS. Administrative Office of the U.S. Courts, n.d. Web. 02 Jan