1. The specific-line question Which of the following is being referred to by the abstract term “characteristics” (line 9)? 1.“boiler, smokestack, valve boxes” (line 4) 2.“The tender” (line 5) 3.“a number of elaborate scrolls” (lines 7–8) 4.“Steam engines” (line 9) 5.“a printing press” (line 11) Strategies: 1.Always go back to the text 2.Consider every answer

2. The passage-wide question The development of the passage can best be described as the 1.presentation of two conflicting ideas followed by a resolution 2.explanation of an historical issue leading to the examination of the same issue in contemporary society 3.chronological examination of an aspect of design during a particular time period 4.movement from European to United States views of the topic 5.examination of technological advances at a particular point in time Strategies: 1.Think back on your long read, and skim passage again to pick from your top choices 2.Consider every answer

3. The footnote question Which of the following is an accurate reading of footnote 2? 1.An article by John F. Kasson appears on page 427 of Engineering. 2.“Machine Tools at the Philadelphia Exhibition” was published in New York. 3.The article “Engineering” can be found on page 427 of “Machine Tools at the Philadelphia Exhibition.” 4.“Machine Tools at the Philadelphia Exhibition” is an article published in the May 26, 1876, issue of Engineering. 5.Engineering is an article cited by John F. Kasson. Strategies: 1.Pay attention to answers’ distinctions among genre, dates, etc. You’re being tested for how well you can decipher MLA style.

4. The extraction question In Lincoln’s Gettysburg Address, the reader can infer that 1.One 2.Two, etc. Strategies: 1.This question asks you to infer something or has you apply something in the passage to something outside of it. 2.Think back on your long read, and skim passage again to pick from your top choices 3.Consider every answer

5. The multiple-multiple choice question In the Gettysburg Address, “dedicate” and “dedication” refer to I.The purpose of our nation II.The consecration of the Gettysburg battlefield III.The audience’s vow to support the war aims 1.II only 2.I and II 3.II and III 4.I and III 5.I, II, and III Strategies: 1.Decide matters on the Roman numeral level first 2.The consider every possible combination

6. The inverted question In Lincoln’s Gettysburg Address, the concept of dedication refers to all of the following except: 1.The purpose of our nation 2.The consecration of the Gettysburg battlefield 3.The audience’s vow to support the war aims 4.The audience’s collective memory 5.The soldiers’ commitment Strategies: 1.Consider every answer 2.Remember the inverted effect: what’s right is wrong, and what’s wrong is right!