Age of Absolutism Chapter 17

Extending Spanish Power Charles V King of Spain Hapsburg Empire Ruling Two Empires Constant Warfare

Map of Hapsburg Empire

Phillip II Absolute Monarch Divine Right

Wars of Phillip II Battle of Lepanto Defeats the Ottomans Battled Protestants in Netherlands Northern Provinces Declare Independence Queen Elizabeth I Spanish Armada

Spain’s Golden Age siglo de oro Golden Century 1550-1650 Phillip II a Patron of the Arts

Painters in Spain El Greco Diego Velazquez “The Greek” Jesus driving the moneychangers from the Temple Diego Velazquez Las Marinas

Writers Lope de Vega 1,500 plays Miguel de Cervantes Don Quixote

Economic Decline Lack of Strong Leadership Economic Problems Overseas Wars Neglect of Farming and Commerce Expulsion of Muslims and Jews Soaring Inflation

France under Louis XIV Rebuilding France Religious Wars Huguenots v. Catholics Edict of Nantes Henry IV Foundations of Royal Absolutism Centralized Power Bureaucracy

Louis XIV Strengthens Royal Power Henry IV Assassinated Louis XIII Richelieu “L’etat, c’est moi” “I am the State” Did not call Estates General Intendants Strongest Army in Europe

Successes of Louis XIV Royal Power French Army Strongest in Europe Wealthiest State Versailles Arts Flourished

Failures of Louis XIV Costly Wars Rival Rulers Joined Forces Persecution of Huguenots Revoked Edict of Nantes Forced To Flee Economic Blow

Triumph of Parliament in England The Tudors Divine Right Recognized Power of Parliament Henry VIII When he broke with church, needed to go to parliament to get money Elizabeth I Consulted and controlled parliament

The Stuarts Divine Right Clashed with Parliament James I Charles I Dissolved Parliament Collected Taxes on his own Charles I Ignored Petition of Right Ruled w/o for 11 years

English Civil War Supporters of Charles I-Cavaliers Forces of Parliament/Oliver Cromwell-Roundheads Charles on Trial House of Commons Cromwell-Lord Protector Charles II

Glorious Revolution James II-Catholic? William and Mary Bill of Rights Limited Monarchy

Rise of Austria and Prussia

Protestant North and Catholic South

Thirty Years’ War Causes Local conflict turns into a European War Rival German Princes Religion Local conflict turns into a European War

Results of the Thirty Years’ War The Peace of Westphalia Depopulation France The Hapsburgs Germany Divided Again The Netherlands and present-day Switzerland

Peace of Westphalia

Austria and Prussia Austria Prussia Hapsburgs-HRE Uniting the Empire? Maria Theresa Prussia Hohenzollern Family Efficient Bureaucracy Reduced Nobles Role Frederick William I Army Frederick II

Maintaining the Balance of Power in Europe Austria, Prussia, France, England and Russia Two Rivalries Prussia battled Austria Britain and France

Europe in 17th century

Absolute Monarchy in Russia Peter the Great Westernization Boyars Western Technology and Culture Autocratic Methods Spread of Serfdom

Expansion under Peter Warm Water Port Baltic Sea Treaty with Qing Bering Strait

Map of Russian Territory in Asia

Map of Bering’s Voyage

Catherine the Great Czar Peter III-Insane-Assassinated Catherine-Wife-Takes over Reorganized the Provincial Govt. Warm-Water Port Partition of Poland