MilkIT 2 nd Advisory Council Meeting Almora 18/12/2012 Activity Review India Thanammal Ravichandran, Nils Teufel

Topics Site selection Data collected – Village census – Value chain assessment – Household census – Development documentation Innovation platforms

Site Selection Districts – 2 (IFAD) Blocks – 1 in each block (IFAD, dairy, partners) Max clusters – partner long-list (40 vill / block) Mini clusters – 2-4 villages close together Mid clusters – 2-3 mini-clusters, field worker, IP IPs: 2 mid-clusters -> 2 feed IPs -> 1 DVC IP

Selection of mid-cluster Village census data used for comparison Criteria – Road accessibility (dist_road and town dist) – Dairy animal population – Institutional base (SHG or Federation activity-milk marketing) – Feed availability (cultivated land, grassland, cropping pattern) 1 feed innovation platform for each selected mid-cluster 1 marketing innovation platform in each block for 2 selected mid-clusters (feed innovation platforms)

Sult mid cluster

Bageshwar mid-cluster

Village census For characterisation of villages for selection 30 villages in Sult and 12 villages in Bikyasain 39 villages in Bageshwar Information on – Dairy animals – Land details/feed sources – Accessibility to market – Marketing channels – Institutional base Limitations – Asking to one or two key person – Use of existing data by partners

Village census - results

Comparison of mid-clusters- Sult

Midcluster Dist_Pavedroad [km] Num_SHGs Barkinda16 Gahnaheet19 Nailwalpali16 Titoli29 Kunidhar2.56 Table: Road accessibility and institutions- Sult mid-clusters

Midcluster Dist_Pavedroad [km] Num_SHGs Chhona0.114 Chouganchina0.216 Garikhet0.29 Chani0.35 Saing0.513 Khabra1.58 Pagna3.68 Table 28: Road accessibility and Institutions - Bageshwar mid-clusters

Midcluster Neighbours [#] Localshop [#] townshop/hh [#] Anchal [#] SHG/Fed [#] Chhona Chouganchina Garikhet Chani Saing Khabra Pagna Table 27: Households sell milk by type of buyer - Bageshwar mid-clusters

Considerations - Sult Select on near-road and one far-away mid-cluster Barkinda – Better road connectivity (<1km) – Favourable to connect formal milk marketing ie Anchal – More dairy animals and more cultivated land Titoli – Far-away road (2 km) – More dairy animals, more cultivated land – Farmers selling milk near congregation point

Considerations-Bageshwar Pagna excluded (>3.5km distance to road) Saing included – Formal milk marketing (Anchal and federation level) – More dairy animals, more cultivated land – Strong institutional set-up (SHG) Chhona included – Good base for marketing platform – KVK is in between this two clusters

Household census All selected cluster villages including the settlements To characterise/classify the cluster Information – Dairy animals – Production details – Milk selling pattern – Transaction feed and animals

Hh census - results

Hh census – milk yield & sale S.NoBlockMean milk yield/hh (ltr) 1Sult1.92 2Bageshwar1.42 S.NoBlockAvg milk sale/hh (ltr) 1Sult0.17 2Bageshwar0.37 S.N o ClusterMean milk yield/hh (ltr) Mean milk sale/hh (ltr) Total milk yield/day Total; milk sale/day 1Saing-B Chhona-B Barkinda-S Saknana-S

Hh census – own fodder S.No.BlockClusterTrees in own land/hh Private grass land [nalli] 1BageshwarSaing-B Chhona-B SultBarkinda-S1140 4Saknana-S2111.1

Hh census – fodder purchase S.No.BlockClusterAvg grass purchase (Quintol)/hh 1BageshwarSaing-B Chhona-B SultBarkinda-S Saknana-S22.35 Invasive grass species in Chhona cluster vs grass purchase?

Actor mapping - Development history Interviews with variety of actors for collecting information on development history Change of officials over years so they are not aware of previous activities Have to ask other actors for history of other activities

Actors-Sult Dairy development board (DDB)-Anchal and Mahila dairy Vikas Prayojna Block development office (BDO) Agricultural information centre (agriculture department Animal husbandry department (veterinary clinic) Forestry department INHERE BAIF-(active in neighbouring block)

Actors-Bageshwar DDB – ULDB? IFAD - Ajeevika Animal husbandry department CHIRAG BAIF Krishi Vikas Kendra (KVK) - VPKAS BDO

Value chain assessment Formal – Aanchal – Federation level milk co-operative – Women’s dairy? Informal – Neighbours – Tea shops in village or near market – Milk traders

VCA Tools VC rapid assessment tools – ILRI is developing for wide use – We are currently testing and adapting – Mix of qualitative and quantitative data – Village, trader, processer, retailer etc. – Full day

Participatory VCA- NetMap - Regina Birner Visualisation of links/relationships Entry point for VCA Third dimension: importance of actors and their influencing factors Easy to visualize the power factors Tried in Gahnaheet village – participants enjoyed the exercise Lots of farmer participation

Net map example

IP meetings - basics First dairy value chain meetings last week – 21/11/2012 Sult - Bhikyasain – 24/11/2012 Baheshwar – Dewaldar Participants – Village representatives (ca. half female) – Admin representatives (BDO, vet) – IFAD/Ajeeveka – Buyer representatives (Aanchal, shopkeeper)

IP meetings - agenda Introductions Reports from constraint analysis in villages Constraint analysis by other stakeholders Group discussion on solutions/actions Plenary on solutions/actions Definition of activities

DVC IP – Sult – Participants

DVC IP – Sult – Group discussions

IP meetings – agreed activities Generate lists of farmers within villages interested in selling to Aanchal Discuss payment issues with Aanchal Aanchal is willing to support exposure visits Next meetings in 1-2 month

IP meetings - lessons More emphasis to make the meetings attractive for buyers (Aanchal, shop-keepers) Need to develop ownership of IP (who?) Include service providers (e.g. BAIF) Include/inform local councils Assess admin involvement

IP – contrast to Tanzania Existing regional dairy development platforms Tanga – running; Morogoro – collapsed Initiated by DFID project Regional-level institutions Constitution - members

IP experience – INHERE GC Pant Discussion: – Involvement of institutions – How to link the sellers with buyers-livelihood improvements? – All actors shared the experience –constraints discussion and possible solutions – AHD-Feed is big constraint, availability of quality feed is limited, rate of feed, over the years feed quality decreased – Connectivity of village to market is another constraint, how to connect discussed – Water scarcity-was another problem in village-quality of water-health problem – Health problem-accessibility to village is limited-remote areas- – Commercial milk selling or income through milk selling not felt by farmers-access to market limited – BDO- how can other schemes can help for dairy development – Aanchal-how to connect farmers, how Aanchal gives input support Action: – How to connect with formal institutions-Aanchal-marketing start- – Follow up meeting in villages – List of farmers willing to sell milk- will forward request letter to MD, Aanchal for starting the co-operative society- will send in a week

IP experience – CHIRAG Kuldeep 3 actors participated- Ajeevika, KVK, AHD and buyer (private) Constraints discussed-farmers felt a good platform to share issues-and can take some solutions AHD-explained what are schemes available for dairy development-feed, MNREGA etc Chhona cluster: invasive species-KVK promised short research on this Farmers discussed about the issues in selling milk- payments, quality issue: fat measurement is not done only lactometer measurement Milk given is not reaching same to Bageshwar in same quality so less price Farmers get disturbed with price difference from collection point to chilling centre or outlet Decided with all villages- milk samples will be tested Grass improvement has been planned Chirag and BAIF will promote AI and ayurvedic treatment… Will try for dairy-connect with local shops

IP experience - discussion How can be IP be successful with only small quantities of milk? Can we also focus on other options or milk products? Organisation of members is important: – Aanchal will collect milk only from societies – Village-level organisation is crucial – Documentation of follow-up is important Farmer clubs can be made – in combination with NABARD initiative Inhere-also having climate change innovation programme? Sharing experience and connecting with relevant institutions (e.g. VPKAS) is important. Stakeholders involvement is crucial in IP It is important for the development of IPs that the support through formal institutions (e.g. Aanchal) benefits the group and not individuals. Many support schemes exist (e.g. credit for buying animals) but struggle with this issue. Aanchal get even little quantity of milk, but private buyers depends on the demand Aanchal can help raising supply through supporting transportation (head-load, animal load) All the institutions (e.g. Aanchal, Ajeevika) should work together for dairy development Chairperson (Ravi Shankar, CDO) – Camps can be done in clusters – Cattle shed model can be made – Selling milk-to be promoted- support mechanisms subsidy, by all institutions-facilitate milk sales – IP-involve SHGs-Aanchal; restrictions can be discussed