Course ILT Basic networking concepts Unit objectives Compare various types of networks Discuss types of servers Discuss LAN topologies Discuss planning in network design

Course ILT Topic A Topic A: Networking fundamentals Topic B: Types of servers Topic C: Topologies Topic D: Planning in network design

Course ILT Features of legacy networks All processing takes place at the central computer Dumb terminals or terminals having no processing power provide user access to the mainframe/minicomputer There are limited off-the-shelf software products available for purchase as most applications are custom-built Support staff is needed for management and control Incremental growth is prohibitively expensive

Course ILT Features of peer-to-peer networks Workstations store their own application and data files Speed is primarily a factor of the workstation used as processing occurs at the workstation Each node on the system talks to all the other nodes Peer-to-peer communications make some level of file and printer sharing possible

Course ILT Features of peer-to-peer networks –No one system is in charge of the network –Security might be limited –This type of system does not work well with more than 10 workstations or nodes

Course ILT Client/server networks In a client/server environment, there are separate systems providing resources and accessing resources The client/server model provides distributed processing –Application and data files can be stored on the file server –Files are downloaded to intelligent workstations (clients) for processing –Results are uploaded to the server for storage –The server might provide additional services to the client

Course ILT CANs, MANs, and WANs As networks in geographically contiguous buildings begin to be connected, a campus area network (CAN) is formed Metropolitan area networks (MANs) connect networks that are non- contiguous, but located within a local calling area A Wide area network (WAN) links networks that are located in different local calling areas, known as Local Access Transport Areas (LATA)

Course ILT CANs and MANs

Course ILT WAN characteristics Wide geographic area, any size up to national or international Low to high speed links Remote links that might be operational LANs or groups of workstations only

Course ILT WAN

Course ILT Activity A-1 Discussing network types

Course ILT The role of Network Operating Systems A Network Operating System (NOS) runs on the server in a client/server network configuration and turns a PC into a network server Examples of NOSs include Microsoft NT/2000 Server/Server 2003, Novell NetWare, IBM OS/2, Banyan VINES, Mac OSX, AppleShare IP, UNIX and Linux

Course ILT Servers, workstations, and hosts Servers –Computers that have been optimized to run a network operating system Workstations –A personal computer that is connected to a network, which can perform tasks through applications or utilities Hosts –Any network device that has a TCP/IP address

Course ILT Activity A-2 Discussing network operating systems

Course ILT Topic B Topic A: Networking fundamentals Topic B: Types of servers Topic C: Topologies Topic D: Planning in network design

Course ILT Types of servers Include –Fax servers –CD servers – servers –Print servers –Other types of servers

Course ILT Fax servers Permits users to send and, in some cases, receive facsimiles at their network workstations Manage the re-direction of faxes to the appropriate location

Course ILT CD servers Usually a stand-alone device consisting of four or more, perhaps as many as 100 CD-ROM readers Installing a CD server can provide the entire enterprise with access to installation media, such as workstation applications, reference media and periodicals, or any other data needed by multiple users

Course ILT Activity B-1 Discussing fax servers and CD servers

Course ILT servers Electronic mail ( ) is one of the popular forms of business and personal communication Frequently implemented on dedicated servers due to the large volume of messages a network will generate

Course ILT Print servers Can be directly attached to workstations or servers Most network operating systems support the use of third-party print services such as the JetDirect series from Hewlett-Packard and the NetPort line from Intel Most third-party print servers offer efficient and reliable operation

Course ILT Other types of servers Web servers Database servers Application servers Others All provide specific functionality and may be dedicated or share functionality with other servers

Course ILT Activity B-2 Discussing , print and other servers

Course ILT Topic C Topic A: Networking fundamentals Topic B: Types of servers Topic C: Topologies Topic D: Planning in network design

Course ILT Topology overview Defines how the physical media links the network nodes Types of topology include –Bus –Ring –Star –Mesh

Course ILT Bus topology

Course ILT Ring topology

Course ILT Star topology

Course ILT Mesh topology

Course ILT Activity C-1 Discussing topologies

Course ILT Topic D Topic A: Networking fundamentals Topic B: Types of servers Topic C: Topologies Topic D: Planning in network design

Course ILT Creating a plan Determine what business requirements must be met Review the current infrastructure Review new and existing technologies that can be used to meet business needs Determine the appropriate infrastructure requirements Document the design Review the documentation with the appropriate technical personnel and business leaders and modify as necessary

Course ILT Ongoing planning Essential for a good network plan The plan needs to be re-evaluated frequently to see if its implementation is feasible in the current environment

Course ILT Activity D-1 Planning in network design

Course ILT Unit summary Discussed the role of network operating systems Discussed different types of servers Learned about various topologies Discussed planning in network design