The Future of User- System Interaction Prof. dr. Matthias Rauterberg User-Centered Engineering Group TU/e Eindhoven University of Technology

© M. Rauterberg, TU/e How to relate function and form, so that DMM == UMM implemented functions perceivable user interface forms DESIGNER intended semantic USER perceived semantic DMM := designer’s mental modelUMM := user’s mental model

© M. Rauterberg, TU/e Design Metaphors Channel Tool Substitute long time ago2000 history

© M. Rauterberg, TU/e Trend in Interface Design

© M. Rauterberg, TU/e Design Trends (1) time mechanical style electronic style mechatronic style

© M. Rauterberg, TU/e Design trends (2) time mechanical style electronic style mechatronic style active forms given forms (ubiquituous computing) channel forms (e.g. PC, TV, Radio, etc) connected forms (ambient intelligence) dedicated form (e.g. typewriter, etc))

© M. Rauterberg, TU/e Robots today...

© M. Rauterberg, TU/e Active forms: examples by nature

© M. Rauterberg, TU/e Active Forms: smart tennis racquet The world's first chip-powered and electronically dampened racquet. Explosive power - ultimate comfort. The integrated ChipSystem™ boosts the electrical impulse by the power of 10. The racquet offers unprecedented power through the active counterforce during ball contact. The ChipStystem™ eliminates 50% of the vibrations during ball contact and reduces the remaining vibrations twice as quickly as racquets without ChipSystem™. PowerFrame™ technology for top handling and incredible stability. PowerPattern™ for a maximum sweetspot, power and control. swing style rating : S18 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION BeamBox+PowerFrame™ Head size780 cm2 / 121 sq. in. Weight (unstrung)235 g / 8.3 oz. Balance (unstrung)355 mm LengthXtraLong, 28 Grip Size0 - 5 StringingPowerPattern™ 16/19

© M. Rauterberg, TU/e Active Forms: smart dragonfly Nitinol Dragonfly Pair These authentic-looking dragonflies really flap their wings! The wings move once every two seconds, just like a resting dragonfly. Just attach these dragonflies to plants, picture frames, or your computer monitor. The wings move thanks to nitinol, the muscle of Stiquito. Comes with a 115v transformer and long cable.

© M. Rauterberg, TU/e Active Forms: the magic teaspoon It looks just like an ordinary teaspoon. You hand it to someone to stir their tea or coffee with, they go to stir their drink and get... the shock of their life. The minute the teaspoon enters the boiling liquid, it bends in the middle. The bending isn't gradual, it is almost violent. Nervous people get quite a shock!

© M. Rauterberg, TU/e Two Trends in User Interface Technology Mobile computing Ambient rooms and Cooperative buildings

© M. Rauterberg, TU/e Unsolved Research Problems (1) wearable computingintelligent environments Penetration of the body space Penetration of the social space Isolation in immersive virtual worlds Privacy in augmented worlds

© M. Rauterberg, TU/e Unsolved Research Problems (2) If two adaptive systems (e.g., the human being and the adaptive technology) are coupled with each other, the following aspects have to be taken into account: (1) the adaptation rate (R sA ) of the technical subsystem, and (2) the two different kinds of human influences on the technical subsystem: the explicit control rate (R hC ) and the implicit adaptation rate (R hA ). The main challenge of designing such a coupling is to avoid an unintended excelleration between both subsystems based on the closed loop coupling; with other words, what is the appropriate design for such kind of closed loop coupling?. How should be the relation [R hC + R hA ]  [R sA ] established? Secondly, what is the proper balance between [R hC ]  [R hA ]? These are two central research questions.