Gender Resistant of Neo Liberal Economic Policy Charita Jashi Charita Jashi UNDP- “Gender and Politics in South Caucasus” programme 17 July, 2009 Tbilisi

Neoliberal Policy and Resistent of Global Development Neo-liberal policy produce inequality and deterioration in living standards, increasing levels of inequality both between and within countries Neo-liberal policy produce inequality and deterioration in living standards, increasing levels of inequality both between and within countries

Neoliberal Economic Model `` Washington Consensus”, market fundamentalism Mandates of three ``sisters` /IMF, World Bank, WTO/ Mandates of three ``sisters` /IMF, World Bank, WTO/ Finance and Monetary Stabilization Finance and Monetary Stabilization Poverty Reduction Poverty Reduction Cutting government expenditure Cutting government expenditure

Main slogan of Liberal Policy Main slogan of Liberal Policy High economic growth will automatically reduce poverty and income disparities. High economic growth will automatically reduce poverty and income disparities. No to social welfare. No to social welfare.

Estimate the Processes Estimate the Processes Increasing poverty caused deeping social and gender ineqauility/ Nobel prize awarded in economic Jozeb Stiglitz, Amartea Sen/ Increasing poverty caused deeping social and gender ineqauility/ Nobel prize awarded in economic Jozeb Stiglitz, Amartea Sen/ Main reason of crisis aggravation is the week response of the government on every stage that cost lost of trust and gave stimulus to crisis./ / Nobel prize awarded in economic in 2008 P. Krugman / Main reason of crisis aggravation is the week response of the government on every stage that cost lost of trust and gave stimulus to crisis./ / Nobel prize awarded in economic in 2008 P. Krugman / The Washington Consensus is over“/ 2009 G- 20 London summit G. Braun/ The Washington Consensus is over“/ 2009 G- 20 London summit G. Braun/

C onsequences of neoliberal economy Policy C onsequences of neoliberal economy Policy Global economic production will fall by 2.6 percent in 2009; Global economic production will fall by 2.6 percent in 2009; People all over the world are losing their jobs, their income, their savings, their homes, and their ability to survive. People all over the world are losing their jobs, their income, their savings, their homes, and their ability to survive. Up to 22 million women may lose their jobs, jeopardizing gender equality gains both at home and at work Up to 22 million women may lose their jobs, jeopardizing gender equality gains both at home and at work

Break the taboo Break the taboo Recognation the failing of neoliberal economic policy Recognation the failing of neoliberal economic policy The State role should be not only regulating, but stimulating social welfare The State role should be not only regulating, but stimulating social welfare Financial Institutions became more gender oriented Financial Institutions became more gender oriented

Three Aspects of Gender Relations Inequality in the Labour Market Inequality in the Labour Market Inequality in the Home Inequality in the Home Social Welfare Social Welfare

Gender Inequality in the Labour Market Gender segregation of the labour market has deepened. Gender segregation of the labour market has deepened. The existing legislation/Labour Code/ does not protect the interests of the employed population The existing legislation/Labour Code/ does not protect the interests of the employed population There are no legislative limits for women to be engaged in entrepreneurial activities, however, they find it very difficult to make business. There are no legislative limits for women to be engaged in entrepreneurial activities, however, they find it very difficult to make business.

Inequality in the Home Inequality in the Home Cutting social expenditure strongly impact on care economy /Reproductive responsibility only on the women / Cutting social expenditure strongly impact on care economy /Reproductive responsibility only on the women / Increased value of unpaid labour at househods Increased value of unpaid labour at househods

Gender and Social Well-fare Lack of social protection Lack of social protection Work, family and State policy Work, family and State policy Measure of social-well-being /GDP/ Measure of social-well-being /GDP/

Gender Aspects of Crisis Consequence Unpaid work done by individuals in their families reflect the gender inequality, / Care Economy/ Unpaid work done by individuals in their families reflect the gender inequality, / Care Economy/ Trade liberalization does not work in in favour of social and economic development, hampering women’s social- economic status Trade liberalization does not work in in favour of social and economic development, hampering women’s social- economic status Lack of access to resources Lack of access to resources Decreasing income and employment security Decreasing income and employment security Budget deficit Budget deficit Increasing price of finance resource Increasing price of finance resource

New Risks Increasing number of unemployed people in different sectors of economic: construction, bank, tourism and service industries Increasing number of unemployed people in different sectors of economic: construction, bank, tourism and service industries Increasing social risk Increasing social risk Absence of social dialogue Absence of social dialogue Due of bank crisis population will lose their life savings as they lose their homes Due of bank crisis population will lose their life savings as they lose their homes Reduce credit portfolio Reduce credit portfolio Price increase and consumption restraint Price increase and consumption restraint Decrease direct investment Decrease direct investment

State Regulation of the Employment State Regulation of the Employment Georgia adopted a variety of measures to stimulate renewed economic growth and mitigate the impact on peoples’ lives. Each of these measures should have gender dimensions Georgia adopted a variety of measures to stimulate renewed economic growth and mitigate the impact on peoples’ lives. Each of these measures should have gender dimensions Promoting Sustanaible institutions for vocational training Promoting Sustanaible institutions for vocational training Creation system of credits and subsides Creation system of credits and subsides Investing and issuing credits in the field of agriculture Investing and issuing credits in the field of agriculture Strenghten rural infrustructure Strenghten rural infrustructure

Labour Migration Labour Migration 200 Million migrants 49,6 women 200 Million migrants 49,6 women % are illegal migrant % are illegal migrant The growth of female migrant workers in Georgia The growth of female migrant workers in Georgia Decrease amount of remittances Decrease amount of remittances Migrant women are at greater risk of violence in hard times. Migrant women are at greater risk of violence in hard times. Increased xenophobia in the context of crisis Increased xenophobia in the context of crisis

Gender Blind Budgeting in Georgia The state financing in absolute figures has increased at higher rate during the last 5 years, however it increased considerably in the male employment spheres rather than in the female employment spheres. The state financing in absolute figures has increased at higher rate during the last 5 years, however it increased considerably in the male employment spheres rather than in the female employment spheres. The expenditures for male employment twice exceeded the expenditures made in female employment spheres. Shifting from the universal system of social protection to poverty oriented assistance has failed to ensure effective protection of the population, especial women. The expenditures for male employment twice exceeded the expenditures made in female employment spheres. Shifting from the universal system of social protection to poverty oriented assistance has failed to ensure effective protection of the population, especial women.

Gender Budgeting Gender Budgeting Effective mechanisms for gender and social policy making and implementation. Effective mechanisms for gender and social policy making and implementation. Advocated and raised awareness on GRB initiatives and built capacities of various stakeholders Advocated and raised awareness on GRB initiatives and built capacities of various stakeholders Participatory and responsive governance with equal allocation and distribution of resources to be equally enjoyed by women and men population of Georgia. Participatory and responsive governance with equal allocation and distribution of resources to be equally enjoyed by women and men population of Georgia.