How We Got Here Antecedents to the Electronic Medical Record Catherine Arnott Smith, PhD University of Wisconsin, Madison School of Library & Information Studies

“Note- Every time we do one of these damn things, some other obstacle to success presents itself, and these obstacles are those that cannot be fore-seen from animal experimentation alone. But we’ll get ‘im yet!”

Financial ledger

Beginnings 1965: Hospital and clinic information systems (73) Computer-assisted diagnosis (51) Medical document storage and retrieval (28) Collen, 1986

Flash forward Goals very similar! Eliminate paperwork  more keyboard use “Correlate diseases” and eliminate errors  knowledge bases have to be good and accurate

Works consulted Collen MF: Origins of medical informatics, In Medical informatics [Special Issue]. West J Med 1986 Dec; 145: The Bertram M. Bernheim Collection. The Alan Mason Chesney Medical Archives of The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions. The Corset X-Rays of Dr Ludovic O’Followell (1908). Images courtesy of the Wellcome Library, London. Patient Room, New Orleans Marine Hospital. Images from the History of Medicine, National Library of Medicine (public domain).