Special Properties of Nanomaterials High surface/bulk ratio Catalysis Nanoparticle reagents Heat dissipation Laminar flow Finite size effects Quantum confinement.

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Presentation transcript:

Special Properties of Nanomaterials High surface/bulk ratio Catalysis Nanoparticle reagents Heat dissipation Laminar flow Finite size effects Quantum confinement Interparticle tunneling Proximity effects High probability of defect- free crystals

Emission spectra of several sizes of (CdSe)ZnS core-shell quantum dots M. Bawendi, et al., J. Phys. Chem. B 1999, 101, Semiconductor Core-Shell Quantum Dots Perfect quantum well structure leads to bright luminescence Nanocrystal size determines band gap

CdSe/CdS core-shell particles Excitons confined to core Defect-free nanocrystals high fluorescence quantum yield A. P. Alivisatos et al., Science 1998, 281, Dual fluorescence labeling of actin filaments and fibroblasts nm

Cd Se Shape Control of Semiconductor Nanocrystals L. Manna, E. C. Scher, A. P. Alivisatos, JACS 122, (2000) Nanocrystal habit controlled by surfactant composition Multiple injection/growth cycles develop specific crystal faces

CdSe Tetrapods L. Manna, E. C. Scher, A. P. Alivisatos, JACS 122, (2000)

Conducting Polymer - Nanocrystal Solar Cells Two-color system - can utilize solar spectrum efficiently High aspect ratio nanocrystals, organized superstructure should minimize carrier recombination W. U. Huynh, J. J. Dittme, A. P. Alivisatos, Science 295, 2425 (2002)

Y. Wu, P. Yang, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 123, 3165, 2001 Vapor-liquid-solid (VLS) growth of semiconductor nanocrystals Single crystal nanowires Catalyst nanoparticle controls diameter Length determined by reaction time

Compositionally Modulated Semiconductor Nanocrystals Totem pole and core-shell structures Multiple bandgaps and p-n junctions Lieber, et al., Nature 415, 617 (2002); Nature 420, 57 (2002). Yang, et al., NanoLett 2, 83 (2002); Buhro et al., J. Am. Chem. Soc. 123, 4502 (2001).