Anatomy and Physiology— Breast

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Presentation transcript:

Anatomy and Physiology— Breast Function: milk production and sexual pleasure Tail of Spence Cooper’s ligaments Nipple Lactiferous ducts (continues)

Anatomy and Physiology— Breast Areola Montgomery’s tubercles Lobes Lobules Alveoli or acini Lymphatic drainage Axillary nodes: central, pectoral, subscapular, lateral Internal mammary chain

Assessment Assess the following areas Breasts Areolar areas Nipples Axillae (continues)

Assessment Assess the following characteristics Color Vascularity Thickening/edema Size and symmetry Contour Lesions/masses Discharge

Normal Findings Breast and axillae are flesh colored Areolar areas and nipples are darker in pigmentation Moles and nevi are normal variants No thickening or edema (continues)

Normal Findings Minor size variation in the breasts and areolar areas Usually breast on dominant side is larger Nipples should point upward and outward, may point outward and downward (continues)

Normal Findings Breasts, areolar areas, nipples should be symmetrical Breasts are convex, without flattening, retractions, or dimpling Free from masses, tumors, primary or secondary lesions (continues)

Normal Findings No discharge from nipples in nonpregnant, nonlactating female Usually, palpable lymph nodes less than 1 cm in diameter are clinically insignificant Palpation should not elicit pain (continues)

Normal Findings Consistency of breast tissue is highly variable depending upon age, time in menstrual cycle, and proportion of adipose tissue Breasts are usually nodular or granular prior to menses Variation with breast augmentation— breasts feel fluid filled or firm throughout