Chapter 9 Exterior Design Factors

2 Links for Chapter 9 Site Considerations Design Basics The Design Process

3 Site Considerations Neighborhood - Size, value, and design of the home should be similar to those around it Review Boards - Sets minimum standards for homes built in a particular area Access - A home requiring universal access should blend in with the rest of the homes

4 Site Accessibility Main entrance to be no farther than 6’-0” behind longest wall or at an angle up to 45° At least 15% of the street-facing façade must be windows Garage wall can be no longer than 50% of the entire façade of the home Garage can not be closer to the street property line

5 Site Accessibility

6 Elements of Design Line - Provides a sense of direction or movement of the structure –Horizontal lines are used to accent length –Vertical lines are used to accent height –Diagonal lines create a sense of transition –Curved lines provide smooth transitions

7 Elements of Design Form - Created by lines and used to accentuate specific features

8 Elements of Design Color - Distinguishes exterior materials and accent shape –Hue - Actual color –Value - Lightness or darkness –Intensity - Brightness Texture - Refers to the roughness or smoothness of an object

9 Principles of Design Rhythm - Leads the eye from one place to another in an orderly fashion Balance - Relationship between various areas of the structure –Formal - Objects are symmetrical –Informal - Objects are nonsymmetrical

10 Principles of Design Proportion - Relates to the size and balance –Common proportions - 2:3, 3:5, 5:8 –The relationship of house to the environment Unity - Relates to rhythm, balance, and proportion –Similar features relate to each other

11 Floor Plan Styles Single Level - Provides stair-free access Split Level - Suited for sloping sites and combines one- and two-level residences Daylight Basement - Both levels are seen from since it is on a sloping site

12 Floor Plan Styles Two-Story - Living and sleeping are separated and less land is required Dormer - Uses attic space to provide to extend the sloped roof

13 Exterior Styles Usually based on housing styles from past designs Georgian –Basic house that uses formal design –Uses columned entry way

14 Exterior Styles Saltbox - Followed the Georgian styles but without the detailing Garrison - Upper floor extends beyond the lower floor.

15 Exterior Styles Cape Cod –One level with a steep roof –Dormers used to create extra space Federal –Designed in the late 1700’s –Uses the Garrison design with a higher roof pitch

16 Exterior Styles Greek Revival - Built with classical proportions and decorations of the classic Greek architecture Southern Colonial - Looks like a Georgian except for the flat roof and English - Unsymmetrical layout designed in the early 1800’s

17 Exterior Styles Dutch - Uses a gambrel roof French - Incorporates the mansard roof design and found more in the south Spanish - One story house usually made of plaster or adobe Farmhouse - Uses two-story construction and is surrounded by a covered porch

18 Exterior Styles Ranch - One-story elongated floor plan with a low pitched roof Victorian - Originating in the late 1800’s, this house is very ornate and irregular shaped

19 Exterior Styles Contemporary - No special style is followed but the needs and lifestyle of the owner are reflected