1 Instructional Strategies EDC 312 Chapter 8 Dr. Diane Kern

2 What and why Plan instruction, choosing teacher- centered and/or student-centered instructional strategies as appropriate You will be able to write a lesson plan that includes: 1.measurable objectives 2.an effective lesson opening 3.direct instruction (modeling, guided practice, independent practice) 4.an effective lesson closing

3 Writing measurable objectives  The student will…  Include measurable verbs Use backward design… 1.Identified desired results 2.Determine acceptable evidence 3.Plan instructional activities

4 Set induction/anticipatory set  Activate and assess prior knowledge  Concrete experience  Visualizing  Advance organizer

5 Advance Organizer Anticipation Guide for Faithful Elephants (Tsuchiya, 1951) Read each statement below and write whether you agree or disagree with each statement. Agree Disagree _______ ________ 1. War only hurts people. _______ ________ 2. People are more important than animals. _______ ________ 3. Wild animals have feelings. _______ ________ 4. War can hurt animals. _______ ________ 5. Animals count on humans to protect them. _______ _________ 6. It would be fun to be a zookeeper.

6 Teacher-centered Direct Instruction  Review previously learned content or strategy  State objective of lesson (what and why!)  Present new information in logical steps  Provide guided practice  Assess student practice  Provide independent practice  Provide frequent follow-up reviews

7 Homework  Goal—independent practice  Work that student can complete with little or no help  Age-appropriate  All family-friendly

8 Teacher-centered methods  Lecture  Text-based lecture  Mastery learning

9 Mastery Learning  Students demonstrate mastery of one topic before moving to the next—80%  Assumptions… 1.Almost all students can learn topic to mastery 2.Some students need more time 3.Some students need more assistance

10 Discussions  Teacher-led  Socratic method  Debates  Panel discussions  Fish Bowl  Literature Circles

11 Discussion:Planning for quality questions  Knowledge: Remember; recognize; recall who, what, where…  Comprehension: Interpret, retell, organize, and select facts  Application: Subdivide information and show how it can be put back together; how is this an example of that?  Analysis: What are the features of…? How does this compare with…?  Synthesis: Create a unique product that combines ideas from the lesson; what would you infer from…?  Evaluation: Make a value decision about an issue in the lesson; what criteria would you use to assess...?

12 Student-centered instruction  Cooperative learning  Discovery Learning  Student research…I-search  Computer-based research  Peer tutoring  Authentic activities

13 So what!? There is no single best kind of teacher and best method of teaching, although student-centered methods have been proven to raise student achievement, especially critical thinking. You will need both teacher-centered and student-centered methods in your “teaching toolkit” as you build and repair your lesson plans.

14 Exit activity  Of all the instructional methods shared today, which one do you like best and why? Give an example of this method at your target grade level and content area.

Next up  Workshop Effective Lesson Planning  Lesson Plan draft due  Chapter 10 Assessment (not Ch. 9!) 15