ELECTROMAGNETIC SPECTRUM. OUTER (VALENCE) ELECTRONS AND ATOMIC STRUCTURE U.V. and VISIBLEOuter Valence Electrons in Atoms & Molecules Give Rise to Atomic.

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Presentation transcript:

ELECTROMAGNETIC SPECTRUM

OUTER (VALENCE) ELECTRONS AND ATOMIC STRUCTURE U.V. and VISIBLEOuter Valence Electrons in Atoms & Molecules Give Rise to Atomic and Molecular Spectra in U.V. and VISIBLE Portions of the Electromagnetic Spectrum

ORBITALS Remember: –An Atomic Orbital is actually a Wave Function which describes the probability of finding an electron in a particular region of space around a central nucleus

ENERGY LEVELS FOR HYDROGEN ATOMIC ORBITALS

ATOMIC QUANTUM NUMBERS 1,2,3,Principal Quantum No: n = 1,2,3,… Angular Momentum Q. No : l = 0,1, … (n- 1) -l,…0,…,+lMagnetic Q. No: m l = -l,…0,…,+l +/- ½Spin Q. No: s = +/- ½

ANGULAR QUANTUM NOS. Angular Q. No: Letter l = 0 s l = 1 p l = 2 d l = 3 f

ORBITALS vs. PRINCIPAL Q. No. n e.g. n = 4, l = 0,1,2,3 So l = 0 4s l = 1 4p l = 2 4d l = 3 4f

M l values (–1 …+1). Adds up to (2l +1) So: One 4s orbital Three 4 p orbitals Five 4d orbitals Seven 4f orbitals

HYDROGEN s ORBITALS

HYDROGEN 2p x ORBITALS

HYDROGEN 2p y ORBITALS

HYDROGEN 2p z ORBITALS

HYDROGEN 3d ORBITALS

Blackbody Radiation vs. Frequency (Wavelength)

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