Prepared for Enterprise Community Partners Special thanks to New Ecology, Homeowners Rehab Inc. & Performance Systems Development

Enterprise Community Partners | 2GREEN & HEALTHY LIVING: Benchmarking Properties for Energy Learning Objectives Identify 2 reasons to track energy use Identify heating and cooling “benchmark” energy targets Identify key information needed to track energy use

Enterprise Community Partners | 3GREEN & HEALTHY LIVING: Benchmarking Properties for Energy Why Measure Energy & Water Use? How much energy do we use ? Understand our carbon footprint? To compare energy usage between buildings? To target improvements to reduce operating expenses? To inform capital needs and renovation plans? What else?

Enterprise Community Partners | 4GREEN & HEALTHY LIVING: Benchmarking Properties for Energy NYC Portfolio Benchmarking Shows Variability BTU/SF/HDD

Enterprise Community Partners | 5GREEN & HEALTHY LIVING: Benchmarking Properties for Energy Who Tracks Energy Usage in Your Portfolio? Who tracks usage? What kind of information do you have at your fingertips? Who reviews the information? Is is easy to access and understand?

Enterprise Community Partners | 6GREEN & HEALTHY LIVING: Benchmarking Properties for Energy What Is Benchmarking? A similar comparison would be a miles per gallon rating for a car. Benchmarking a building documents the buildings energy usage per square foot. Energy use is standardized by converting electric, gas, oil and/or propane into BTUs (British thermal unit). Our ideal measurement is BTU/ft2/HDD

Enterprise Community Partners | 7GREEN & HEALTHY LIVING: Benchmarking Properties for Energy How to Calculate BTU/ft²/HDD Calculating the square footage of “conditioned” space allows you to standardize the energy usage per square foot of conditioned space. After we have our BTU/square foot (ft2), it’s then standardized again for climate conditions so buildings in every climate can be compared. This is done by dividing by Heating Degree Days (HDD) which can be found at Example: 10,000 ft2 Gas Heated Building in Chicago 10,634 therms/yr x 99,976 = BTU 9,845 kWh/yr x 3412 = BTU BTU/yr ÷ 10,000 ft2 = BTU/ft BTU/ft2 ÷ 6536 HDD = 17 BTU/ft2/HDD

Enterprise Community Partners | 8GREEN & HEALTHY LIVING: Benchmarking Properties for Energy Heating Degree Days (HDD) Heating Degree Days are a measure of how much (in degrees), and for how long (in days), outside air temperature was lower than a specific base temperature

Enterprise Community Partners | 9GREEN & HEALTHY LIVING: Benchmarking Properties for Energy Cooling Degree Days (CDD) Cooling Degree Days are a measure of how much (in degrees), and for how long (in days), outside air temperature was higher than a specific base temperature

Enterprise Community Partners | 10GREEN & HEALTHY LIVING: Benchmarking Properties for Energy Calculating HDDs & CDDs Daily TempDefined AsDescription CDD(T - 65)T is daily Average Temp (F). Daily CDDless than 65F, CDD = 0 HDD(65 - T)T is daily Average Temp (F). Daily HDDgreater than 65F, HDD = 0. AverageTmax + Tmax (High) & Tmin (Low) (Mean)Tmin 2whole values. Temp of the day

Enterprise Community Partners | 11GREEN & HEALTHY LIVING: Benchmarking Properties for Energy What Affects Energy Use? Weather conditions (if you are looking at heating or cooling bills) Changes in building occupancy Occupants’ behavior –Ex: Failure to close doors and windows –Ex: Using air conditioners in the winter due to over heating Equipment failure Building improvements

Enterprise Community Partners | 12GREEN & HEALTHY LIVING: Benchmarking Properties for Energy Energy Benchmark Targets CategoryTarget for High Performance Space<10 BTU/ ft2/HDD Cooling<10 ft2/CDD Consider Low Hanging Fruit Upgrades BTU/ ft2/HDD BTU/ ft2/CDD Consider an Energy Audit >15 BTU/ ft2/HDD >15 BTU/ ft2/CDD HDD= Heating Degree Day CDD= Cooling Degree Day ft2 = square feet

Enterprise Community Partners | 13GREEN & HEALTHY LIVING: Benchmarking Properties for Energy High Performance Energy Benchmark Examples 1 st Energy Star Certified Multifamily Building in NYC operates at 6 BTU/ft2/HDD –This building was built and designed to be energy efficient 100 Unit Multifamily Building Retrofit in NJ operates at 8 BTU/ft2/HDD –As a retrofit project, this building was not designed to be energy efficient.

Enterprise Community Partners | 14GREEN & HEALTHY LIVING: Benchmarking Properties for Energy Sample Energy Use Report

Enterprise Community Partners | 15GREEN & HEALTHY LIVING: Benchmarking Properties for Energy Sample Energy Use Report Source: Bright Power

Enterprise Community Partners | 16GREEN & HEALTHY LIVING: Benchmarking Properties for Energy Electric Use (kWh/ft2/Month) One High Use Bldg Which buildings should we target for electric reduction? Dec 2006 Mar 2006 Sep

Enterprise Community Partners | 17GREEN & HEALTHY LIVING: Benchmarking Properties for Energy Energy Use In BTU/ft2/HDD

Enterprise Community Partners | 18GREEN & HEALTHY LIVING: Benchmarking Properties for Energy Which Buildings Should Be A Target For Action? Energy Use in BTU/ft2/HDD

Enterprise Community Partners | 19GREEN & HEALTHY LIVING: Benchmarking Properties for Energy Energy Use & Costs In A Multifamily Building Energy usage per end-useEnergy costs per end-use

Enterprise Community Partners | 20GREEN & HEALTHY LIVING: Benchmarking Properties for Energy Sample Energy Usage Report

Enterprise Community Partners | 21GREEN & HEALTHY LIVING: Benchmarking Properties for Energy Sample Report From Portfolio Manager

Enterprise Community Partners | 22GREEN & HEALTHY LIVING: Benchmarking Properties for Energy Ashes To Green: Cambridge MA Energy Retrofit Building Envelope Walls Polyicynene R-19 in walls Roof – R40 Low E Glass windows HERS 34 PV & Solar Domestic Hot Water

Enterprise Community Partners | 23GREEN & HEALTHY LIVING: Benchmarking Properties for Energy Retrofit (Blue Line) Achieves Reductions

Enterprise Community Partners | 24GREEN & HEALTHY LIVING: Benchmarking Properties for Energy Data To Organize Years worth of bills Know your meters and what they serve Square footage of conditioned space Special conditions or events in past year – what would make the data odd? Difficult to determine exact square footage –Rentable ft2 vs. gross ft2 Heating Degree Days

Enterprise Community Partners | 25GREEN & HEALTHY LIVING: Benchmarking Properties for Energy Sample Software Options Bright Power Building Performance Compass EPA Portfolio Manager nce.bus_portfoliomanager WegoWise Energy Scorecards Your own spreadsheet

Enterprise Community Partners | 26GREEN & HEALTHY LIVING: Benchmarking Properties for Energy Review Learning Objectives Identify 2 reasons to track energy use Identify heating and cooling “benchmark” energy targets Identify key information needed to track energy use Turn to Benchmarking Exercise 1: Benchmarking Energy Usage