PS: Introduction to Psycholinguistics Winter Term 2005/06 Instructor: Daniel Wiechmann Office hours: Mon 2-3 pm Phone: Web:

Language production: from thought to implementation  Processes of speech production fall into three broad areas: Conceptualization Formulation Encoding

Language production: conceptualization  Highest level  Processes of conceptualization involve determining what to say (often called message level processes)  Speakers conceive an intention and select relevant information from memory  Product is a preverbal message

Language production: macroplanning vs. microplanning  Macroplanning involves the elaboration of the communicative goals into a series of subgoals and the retrieval of appropriate information  Microplanning involves assigning the right propositional shape to these chunks of information, and deciding on information structural properties (i.e., e.g., topic, focus, etc.)

Language production: formulation  Processes of formulation involve translating the conceptual representation into a linguistic form  Two major processses: lexicalization (selection of individual words) syntactic planning

Language production: encoding  Processes of encoding involve detailed phonological and articulatory planning Phonological encoding involves turning words into sounds Sounds must be produced in the correct sequence and specify how the muscles of the articulatory system should be moved

Language production: speech production processes (Levelt 1989) CONCEPTUALIZATION FORMULATION ARTICULATION lexicalization & syntactic planning phonological encoding & preparing instructions for articulatory system macroplanning & microplanning

Language production: Levelt 1989: Model overview