WHO IS WOODROW WILSON? (p. 44) Southerner who grew up during the Civil War and Reconstruction Governor of New Jersey: supported direct primary, worker’s compensation, and regulation of RR and public utilities “New Freedom” was his plan to attack what he called the wall of privilege: the trusts, tariffs, and high finance Wilson wants to give more rights and freedoms to the common citizen Dedicated reformer President of Princeton University

His Pledge -to fight the evils of society -tariffs: lower -trusts: break-up -banking: reform, gov’t control -poverty: decrease wealth gap -disease: reform healthcare -corrupt gov’t: reform

Tariff and Taxes -Wilson addressed Congress in person—1 st to do so since Madison’s War of 1812 address (sets precedent of State of the Union address), -Underwood Tariff: substantially lowered taxes -Income tax provision was included to make up for the money lost by lowering the tariffs, taxed individual earnings and corporations Allowed by 16 th Amendment -soon became main revenue source

Federal Reserve -Wilson addresses Congress -gov’t needs to be able to control money supply b/c credit and supply must keep up with economy -reform would remove control of monetary supply from the banking trusts -set up system of 12 national banks (private and federally controlled) -issue new currency, and member banks could be financed to cover customers -Federal reserve is an essential part of our economy today

Trust Regulation -FTC, 1914 Federal Trade Commission “watchdog committee” -FTC could investigate corporate practices and regulate them if needed Under Wilson, they issued over 400 cease and desist orders for illegal activity **Major Anti-trust measure**

Trust Regulation -Clayton Anti-trust Act, 1914 Sought to strengthen the Sherman Anti Trust Act of 1890 stronger law protected unions “Magna Carta of Labor”- Samuel Gompers, AFL Prohibited corporations from acquiring stock of another company if it would create a monopoly

Suffrage Issue -one of the Progressive reforms fueled by determined women -increased activism -rebirth of national movement under : -Carrie Chapman Catta leader of the modern suffrage movement -some women moved to more militant efforts -women’s support in WW I eventually guaranteed success 19 th amendment—women’s suffrage

Progressive Results -laissez-faire policy fades: gov’t intervention and regulation, active role of president, gov’t, and citizens -social reforms help many -Women have the right to vote, 19 th Amendment -African Americans still ignored: opposed federal anti-lynching laws, Capitol and federal offices resume segregation under Wilson -World War I takes precedent to end reforms “Only two years ago you were heralded as perhaps the second Lincoln, and now the Afro- American leaders who supported you are hounded as false leaders and traitors to their race…As equal citizens and by virtue of your public promises we are entitled at your hands to freedom from discrimination, restriction, imputation, and insult in government employ. Have you a ‘new freedom’ for white Americans and a new slavery for you ‘Afro- American fellow citizens’ God forbid! ~address to President Wilson Nov. 12, 1914 by William Monroe Trotter

DATEEVENTPEOPLEDETAILS 1848Elizabeth Cady Stanton & Lucrietta Mott 1. ____________ of Sentiments 2. begins ____________________ 1896Homer Plessy1. Legalized ____________ 2. stated ________ is ___________. 1902T. RooseveltSet precedent for ________ _________________ in strikes 1904Theodore Roosevelt1. addition to the __________ doctrine 2. US right to intervene in _______________ 1904T. RooseveltSet precedent for trust-busting

1906The JungleNovel that led to reform in the meat packing industry 1906Meat Inspection Act President _________________ _________ requirements and federal ______ inspection 1906Pure Food and Drug Act President _________________ Called for “______ in ___________” 1908Women in laborLimited women to only working _______ hours a day 1909Led to the development of the ________ which aimed for equality among the races

Direct Election of Senators 1912Election of Democrat __________ wins. 75% of vote was for ___________. 1913Federal Reserve Act WilsonSet up a system of ______ national banks 1913Amendment pushed through by Taft, although ratified after he left office Provided for an _______________ ____________ 1914WilsonSought to strengthen the Sherman Anti-trust Act

1914Investigated violations of corporations and put an end to __________ business practices 1914_____________ breaks out in ______________ US Gov’t and Citizens“There is no chance of progress…when war is the principal part” WWI ultimately causes the _____________ era to ______ th amendmentWTCU 1919WomenAllowed women the right to __________