LITERARY ELEMENTS

Characters: individuals who take part in the action Climax: point of greatest intensity

Conflict: problem in a writing Dialect: way of speaking particular to a group or region Dialogue: conversation between or among characters. Expository texts: short, nonfiction work about a particular subject that gives information, discusses ideas, or explains a process Literary Elements

LITERARY ELEMENTS Fiction: narrative prose about characters and events from the author’s imagination All works of fiction share the basic elements of setting, plot, characters, dialogue, point of view, theme Historical Novels: fictional stories with real historical settings -allow reader to imagine what it was like to live in a culturally different time or foreign setting.

LITERARY ELEMENTS Idiomatic expression: phrases that mean something different from their individual words and help a writer to show a character's personality Ex: “raining cats and dogs” used to describe heavy rain Informational text: texts including expository, persuasive and procedural texts

LITERARY ELEMENTS Literary nonfiction: combine personal examples and ideas with factual information ex.: personal essays and biographies Novellas: intermediate works of fiction that are longer than short stories but are concise and focused than novels. Novels: extended works of fiction that are usually organized into segments called chapters Novels can include subplots in addition to the main story line and may explore a number of characters in depth

LITERARY ELEMENTS Personal essays: convey the writer’s thoughts and feelings about an experience or idea Perspective: the author’s point of view on the subject, including the opinions that the author expresses and the source of the author’s information—whether general research, for example, or personal experience Persuasive texts: written to influence the opinions or actions of an audience Ex: editorials, speeches, debates, and reviews

LITERARY ELEMENTS Plot: progression of events in a work of fiction. Point of view: perspective from which a story is told. The voice and persona of the narrator can affect the tone and plot of a text. 1 st person: the story is a told by a narrator who participates in the action of the story 3 rd person: story is told by a narrator outside the story

LITERARY ELEMENTS Procedural texts: explains a process. These texts often include visuals to help illustrate steps. Ex: instructions, recipes, and manuals Purpose: author’s reason for writing. It may be to persuade, to inform, to entertain, or to describe Resolution: conclusion Setting: time and place a story takes place

LITERARY ELEMENTS Short stories: brief narratives, with carefully limited action that allows the writer to focus on one main plot complication Theme: underlying meaning or insight that an author conveys in a story Tone: expresses an author’s attitude toward the subject and the reader. It is conveyed through choice of words and details Universal theme: one that applies to all people in all cultures

FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE Hyperbole- an overstatement or exaggeration He weighs a ton. Imagery- vivid, descriptive language that appeals to one or more of the senses (most commonly visual) Metaphor- a comparison saying one this IS another thing (without like or as) -he’s a night owl

FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE Irony- an expression, situation, or event - verbal :“Gentlemen, you can’t fight in here! This is the war room!” - situational : a life guard drowns - dramatic : Romeo and Juliet Onomatopoeia- words that sound like their meaning (swoosh, zip, pop) personification- assigning human qualities to non- human things

FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE Simile- a comparison among two things using the words like or as Understatement- saying less than you mean -Albert Einstein is perhaps fairly intelligent

TEST!!! Thursday, 9/12 This powerpoint is on my website under handouts Go to Klein Home Page Handouts