Chapter 3 Ancient Egypt

UNIFICATION OF EGYPT Stokstad, p. ?

Flashcard Hierarchy of Scale Composite View (or Twisted Perspective) 3-2 Palette of King Narmer Hierarchy of Scale Composite View (or Twisted Perspective) Gardner’s 12th ed., p. 58 www.music.eku.edu/.../examples/narmer.html www.thepharaohs.net/pharaohs/Menes.cfm http://mil.ccc.cccd.edu/classes/art100/module3.htm

OLD KINGDOM

3-8 Great pyramids of Gizeh, Egypt (Menkaura, Khafre, Khufu), Flashcard faculty.evansville.edu/.../sum04/art105-12.html

3-13 Menkaure and his Queen Khamerernebty (?), sculpture Flashcard Canon of proportions 3-13 Menkaure and his Queen Khamerernebty (?), sculpture Left leg longer

Flashcard 3-14 Seated Scribe

NEW KINGDOM

Mummification Process Video (3 min.) Khan Academy Mummification Process Video (3 min.) https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/ancient-art-civilizations/egypt-art/ptolemaic/v/the-mummification-process

http://mil.ccc.cccd.edu/classes/art100/module4.htm www.sandrashaw.com/AH1L24.htm

3-21 Mortuary Temple of Queen Hatshepsut Flashcard faculty.evansville.edu/.../sum04/art105-12.html Colonnades Chamfered pillars

CLERESTORY Flashcard 3-26 Hypostyle hall, temple of Amen-Re 3-27 Model of hypostyle hall, temple of Amen-Re 3-26 Hypostyle hall, temple of Amen-Re www.arttreasuresofegypt.com/ArchitectureExamp...

AKHENATON AND THE AMARNA PERIOD

Amenhotep IV was surely the most unusual ruler in the history of ancient Egypt. During his 17 year reign, he radically transformed the political, spiritual, and cultural life of the country. He founded a new religion honoring a single supreme god, the life-giving sun deity Aten (sun’s disk), and he changed his own name to Akhenaten meaning “one who is effective on behalf of the Aten”.

Akhenaten abandoned Thebes, and created a new capital for Egypt calling it Akhetaten (“horizon of the Aten”), modern name Tell el- Amarna. How did Akhenaten change royal artistic conventions? – Think about the sunken relief Akhenaten and His Family

3-31 THUTMOSE, Queen Nefertiti sculpture

The name Nefertiti means “the beautiful one has come” The name Nefertiti means “the beautiful one has come”. Remember, Nefertiti is Akhenaton’s influential wife. Artist: Thutmose This sculpture was found in 1912, along with drawings and other items related to commissions for the royal family (patron). Function: It may have served as a model for full-length sculptures or paintings of the queen.

DT: The proportions of Nefertiti’s refined, regular features, long neck, and heavy-lidded eyes appear almost too ideal to be human, but are eerily consistent with standards of beauty in our own culture. Part of the appeal of this portrait bust, aside from its stunning beauty, may be the artist’s dramatic use of color.

Khan Academy video on Bust of Nefertiti ( Class Quiz https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/ancient-art-civilizations/egypt-art

With a partner, discuss what the context of the head of Nefertiti.

3-35 Akhenatom, Nefertiti, and three daughters UNDULATING LINES CURVILINEAR Flashcard 3-35 Akhenatom, Nefertiti, and three daughters Gardner’s 12th ed., p. 79

Egyptian relief sculptures often employed the sunken relief technique seen here. In ordinary reliefs, the background is carved back so that the figures project out from the finished surface. In sunken relief, the original flat surface of the stone is reserved as background, and the outlines of the figures are deeply incised, permitting the development of three- dimensional forms within them.

Khan Academy Video (5 Min.) on Akhenaten and His Family Class Quiz https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/ancient-art-civilizations/egypt-art

TUTANKHAMEN AND THE POST-AMARNA PERIOD

The return to tradition with Tutankhamun, who was Akhenaton’s son by a minor wife, is the most famous figure in the Post- Amarna period. Akhenaton’s new religion and revolutionary art outlived him by only a few years. The priesthood of Amun quickly regained its former power, and Tutankhaten returned to traditional religious beliefs, changing his name to Tutankhamun – “Living Image of Amun”. And moving the court back to Thebes.

Tutankhamun was only about 8 or 9 years old when he came to the throne in about 1332 B.C. He ruled for a decade, and at the age of 19, he died and was buried in the Valley of the Kings, a remote canyon on the west bank of the Nile in Thebes. Why there??? He died from a young age from poor health and serious injury. Buried with 2 special people. Tut was heir to an immense realm that stretched north almost to the Euphrates River and south to the Fourth Cataract of the Nile.

Unlike other royal tombs, King Tut’s tomb was found with riches, jewels, and treasures. Why was his tomb not robbed?

Tutankhamun passed away with no heir. The next kings wiped his name from the archives, perhaps because of his association with the hated king Akhenaten. Little did they know that by erasing his existence from official records, they would be ensuring that his name would live forever…

While all of the later tombs were robbed and their treasures scattered, Tutankhamun’s remained untouched, hidden safely beneath the sands. Who discovered the tomb??? Steve Martin Video… http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wgTPH5y1-ZI

Let’s look at the souvenir book, I bought in 2002 at the King Tut exhibit.

Flashcard

Flashcard 3-39 Book of the Dead faculty.cva.edu/Stout/Egyptian/Egyptian.html

Last Judgment of Hunefer Represents the final judgment of the deceased.

Ancient Egypt Coffin… Book of the Dead (1 min.) https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/ancient-art-civilizations/egypt-art/ptolemaic/v/ancient-egyptian-coffin