World Civilization Qtr. 2 Common Assessment

The Industrial Revolution began in Great Britain Sufficient coal & iron ore reserves existed A good transportation system existed Large populations were available.

Factors that drove the Industrial Revolution in Great Britain Land Labor capital

Agricultural changes led to the Industrial Revolution Produced more food with fewer workers

The first industrialized business Textile production

Inventions Watt-steam engine (upper right) Pasteur – pasteurization (killing harmful microbes in milk by heating) Eli Whitney – cotton gin (lower right) James Hargreaves – spinning jenny Jethro Tull – seed drill

Effect of the Industrial Revolution on the environment Level of air & Water pollution often increase Dirty & Unsanitary conditions Severe discipline & unsafe working conditions

The cause of major changes in Europe beginning in the mid-1700s The Industrial Revolution

Feudalism, Capitalism, Socialism & Communism Feudalism – a political, economic & social system of medieval Europe based on land worked by serfs and held by vassals who gave military & other services to overlords Capitalism – an economic system on private ownership and on investment of move in business ventures in order to make a profit Communism – an economic system in which all means of production are owned by the people, private property does not exist, all goods & services are shared equally.

Karl Marx & Friedrich Engels German Economic philosophers who believed that communism would eventually produce a classless society ( a society of all workers, no bourgeoisie)

Political and economic belief encouraged the following statement: “The proletarians (lower class) have nothing to lose but their chains…Workers of the world unite!” Communism

Charles Dicken’s novel Hard Times describes… The Industrial Revolution

Unions Voluntary associations of workers seeking labor reforms

Positive effects of the Industrial Revolution (long-term) Rise in the standard of living