HS-140: Pharmacology Week 8: Urinary System Disorders and Calculating Doses

Overview of Unit 8  Reading:  Chapter 28: Urinary System Disorders  Chapter 9: Calculating Doses of Nonparenteral Medications  Chapter 10: Calculating Doses of Parenteral Medications  Discussion Board  Seminar  Assignment  Quiz

The Urinary System  Made up of Organs which form & excrete urine:  Kidneys  Ureters  Bladder  Urethra

4 Diuretic Agents  Increase urine flow.  Treat edema, fluid accumulation:  Lungs  Extremities  Abdomen  Promote excretion of the following:  Sodium  Potassium  Chloride  Bicarbonate  Water

Urinary Tract Infections (UTI)  Most common bacterial infection in the U.S.  10 – 20% of females have a UTI during lifetime.  E. Coli causes ~90% of all cultured UTI’s.  Turn to p. 587 of textbook. What are some symptoms of lower UTIs?  Virtual Field Trip:  When you finish watching this video, provide a brief summary.

UTI Drug Therapy: Antibacterials  Antibacterials  Kill bacteria, in the urine and systemically.  Turn to p. 588 of textbook. What are some examples of antibiotics given for UTIs?  What patient education would you provide for a patient on an antibiotics for a UTI?

UTI Drug Therapy: Antiseptics  Antiseptics  Antibiotic activity only in the urine.  What is some patient education that you would provide for a patient on a urinary antiseptic (p. 590 of textbook)?

UTI Drug Therapy: Analgesics  Analgesics  Topical and local anesthesia on the lining of the urinary-tract.  Turn to p. 590 of textbook. What is an example of analgesic given for UTIs?  What is some patient education that you would provide for a patient on a urinary tract analgesic (p. 590 of textbook)?

9 Drugs Used to Treat Enuresis  Enuresis :  Involuntary urination at night.  Common in children.  Caused by a spastic bladder that is stimulated to empty when small amount of urine is present.  Imipramine hydrochloride (Tofranil)  Also acts as an antidepressant agent.  What dosage is this drug used at to treat enuresis? (p. 589 of textbook)

 Refer to Chapters 7, 8 and 9.  Turn in early in case you need to make corrections.  Don’t forget about the Math Center if you need help. 10 Calculating Dosages: Assingment Tips

Basic Rules for Calculations  Always check units (numerator/denominator).  Always work the problem out on paper, even the math seems easy.  Check and re-check all decimals and fractions.  Determine whether the results make sense.  Take one last look to make sure you calculated the dose in the correct units.

 Ordered: 300mcg  On hand: 0.15 mg tablets  How many tablets do you need? 12 Unit 8 Assignment Review

 Ordered: 1.2g  On hand: 600 mg/tab  How many tablets do you need? 13 Unit 8 Assignment Review

 Ordered: 1500 Units of a parenteral medication, IM  On hand 10,000 Units/ml  How many mL’s do you need? 14 Unit 8 Assignment Review

 Thank you for your attention and participation in tonight’s seminar!  Any questions?  I look forward to the rest of Unit 8. Please contact me with any questions throughout the week.