Age at time of death  Babies:  Bones not yet fused  Soft spot on top of skull  Children:  Emerging teeth (adult teeth, wisdom teeth)  Ossification (bones get denser, bigger in teens)  Collar bones grow up until 18 years old  Elderly:  Spikes develop on vertebrae  Teeth, bone wear  Arthritis

Gender of deceased  Males:  Prominent features on skull  Narrower hips, wider shoulders  More developed points of muscle attachment  Rectangular orbits  Females:  3 rd finger longer than 1st  Circular orbits  Wider pelvis, especially after birthing

Height  Anthropologists can reassemble skeleton and measure height, or use certain bones with appropriate formulae (most people are two and 2/3 their length of their femur)

Disease  Spina bifida, inadequate diets, some cancers  Work related injuries, and wear

Ethnicity  See attached sheets

Types of bones  Flat  Long  Short  Irregular Types of joints  Hinge  Ball & socket  Pivot  Gliding  Immovable