First and Second Voyages Christopher Columbus First and Second Voyages

Table of Contents Topics: Pages: Cover Page I Table of Contents II Introduction III Title Page (1) 4 Reasons for the First Voyage 5 First Voyages 6- 8 Title Page (2) 9 Reason for the Second Voyage 10 Second Voyages 11-14 Hispaniola Conflict 15 Back to Spain 16

Introduction

THE FIRST VOYAGES

Reasons for Colombus’ First Voyage

SAN SALVADOR On August 3rd, 1492 Christopher Columbus set sail from Castilian Palos de la Fonterra with three ships; The Nina, Pinta and the Santa Maria. For his first voyage Christopher requested a value of 1,140,000 from the royal treasury officials and the rest from the king and queen of Spain. He sailed to the Canary Islands off the coast of Africa where he restocked his ships and made repairs. Christopher Columbus actually set sail for his three week voyage on September , 6th, 1492. After much toiling one of the sailors aboard the Pinta, Rodrigo de Triana sighted land on October, 12th , 1492. Christopher Columbus being a prideful man claimed he saw the island before the sailor, however he still gave De Triana the sum of cash for his findings. He gave the island the name San Salvador although the natives called it Guanahani.

CUBA Columbus first came to Cuba on the 28th October 1492 making landfall at Bariay. He was certain he found China where he sent two men to investigate the island. These two men namely : Rodrigo de Jerez and Luis de Torres. Unfortunately, they failed in finding the emperor but did find a native taino village. From the tainos, they picked up the habit of smoking tobacco

HISPANIOLA Columbus arrived in Hispaniola on 5th December 1492 with both the Santa Maria and Nina ships. The Pinta was separated. Unfortunately, the Santa Maria got stuck on a sandbar and coral reef off the northern shore of the Island of Hispaniola and was eventually dismantled in 1492 on Christmas and had to be abandoned. The cacique of the island gave Columbus permission to leave thirty-nine (39) men on La Navidad due to the limited space in the Nina and also to collect gold.

THE SECOND VOYAGES

Reasons for Columbus’ Second Voyage Columbus’ second voyage was executed primarily on the motives of colonization and exploration. Why ?... Colonization and Exploration. Colombus’ motives were based on these three purposes: 1. Expanding the settlement on Hispaniola. 2. Converting natives to Christianity. 3. Establishing trading post.

GUADELOPE AND THE LESSER ANTILLES Guadeloupe is a Caribbean island located in the Leeward Islands of the Caribbean, in the Lesser Antilles. Columbus arrived in Guadeloupe, on November 4th and explored this island for seven days. It is in Guadeloupe Columbus discovered the Native American Indigenous people called the Galibi.

THE LESSER ANTILLES The exact course of his voyage was through the Lesser Antilles he turned north, sighting and naming many islands including: 1. Santa María de Montserrat (Montserrat) 2. Santa María la Antigua (Antigua) 3.Santa María la Redonda (Saint Martin), 4.Santa Cruz (Saint Croix). He also sighted and named the island chain of the Virgin Islands, and named the islands of Vírgen Gorda. He continued to the Greater Antilles, and landed on the island of San Juan Bautista, present day Puerto Rico, on November 19, 1493.

DOMINICA AND THE LESSER ANTILLES On November, 3rd ,1493 , Dominica, one of the islands in the Lesser Antilles was sited by Columbus. Columbus and some of his men visited the island, which was inhabited by the fierce Kalinagos. He and his men were later forced to leave Dominica.

CUBA Christopher Colombus came to Cuba on April 30th ,1493 and explored for the next few weeks in search of the treacherous shoals around the island and the mainland. Discouraged, he returned to Isabella (northern coast of Hispaniola) on August 20th , 1494.

THE HISPANIOLA CONFLICT In 1493 November 27th Columbus came back to Hispaniola to see the development of La Navidad. Unexpectedly, all of his men that were left behind (39) were brutally killed by the natives because the natives retaliated from enslavement. Columbus consulted the cacique where he said another native tribe killed the Spaniards. With Columbus large army, he ordered them to attack the natives and take them as slaves. La Navidad was not considered important to Columbus anymore.

BACK TO SPAIN On January the 6th , the Pinta reunited with the Nina in Hispaniola. On the 16th of January the Pinta and Nina set for sail. They embarked on Portugal on 4th of March and shortly after came upon Spain.