Oceanography Practice Problems The following pages contain numerical word problems presented in lecture. There are two steps to solving word problems :

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

Think & Solve Problems Chapter 26

Advertisements

Rectilinear Motion Continued Sections 4.2 and 4.3.

Page created by W. G. Huang Mw= Mw= Mw= Mw= Mw= Mw= Mw=

EARTHQUAKES EARTHQUAKES WHAT YOU NEED TO KNOW!. TECTONIC PLATES EARTHQUAKES HAPPEN AT TECTONIC PLATE BOUNDARIES.

Finding the Distance to the Epicenter of an Earthquake!

 List the names of the interior layers of the Earth beginning with the core.  But wait, we didn’t learn that…… where ever could we find such information?

Dynamic Crust: Earthquakes

Earth’s Dynamic Crust and Interior: small scale crustal changes  Movements of the crust is based on the concept of original horizontality. This concept.

Power Generation from Renewable Energy Sources

Three Worlds to Explore Look Up? (Astronomy) Look Down? (Geophysics) Look at Surface? (Geology)

  The word comes from the Greek word seismic, for shaking.  It is the branch of Geology which has provided the most comprehensive interpretation of.

The primary “tool” for investigating the physical properties of the Earth’s interior is seismology. Seismology.

Locating the Epicenter

Copyright © 2014 All rights reserved, Government of Newfoundland and Labrador Earth Systems 3209 Unit: 4 The Forces Within Earth Reference: Chapters 4,

Inside Earth Chapter 2.2 Pages 64-70

-for saving innocent lives

Earthquake Waves.

Seismic Waves The source of an earthquake is called the focus and the epicenter is the point on Earth’s surface directly above the focus. Seismic waves.

The primary “ tool ” for investigating the physical properties of the Earth ’ s interior is seismology. Seismology.

 Earthquakes (Day 4) Reading Our Reference Table!

Earth Science Notes Measuring Earthquakes. Recall: Seismic Waves show up on a seismograph.

Do Now Power on your laptops and download the earthquake PS wave travel time notes. Please take out your reference tables. H.W. Continue your castle learning.

GEOL Crises of a Planet Lab 2 - Locating Earthquakes Sept , 2012 Department of Earth Sciences.

Estimating Ocean Depth by Tsunami Goals Student analysis of real data (reproduces 19 th century approach). Reinforce shallow water wave celerity and water.

Quiz/Review Get out a small piece of paper and put your name on it.

Mapping The Ocean Floor SONAR – system that uses sound waves to calculate the distance to an object. Echosounding – Indirect method used for mapping the.

P-Wave and S-Wave Chart

Earthquakes. Earthquakes A natural vibration of the ground caused when the stress built up between tectonic plates is suddenly released. There are three.

SEISMIC WAVE BASICS.

Earthquakes!!. Focus and Epicenter Focus – where the earthquake happens Epicenter – the spot on the surface above the focus.

Locating Epicenters and Earthquake Depths

PHYSICAL OCEANOGRAPHY Part 4: Sound in the Ocean

The Global Ocean The Vast World Ocean.

LEQ: What is Sonar, how does it work, and what did it help Geoscientists discover? Key Terms: Echo, sonar.

Locating the Epicenter. Seismogram – seismic recording Seismometer – measures seismic waves Scientists who study earthquakes are called seismologists.

Chapter 11 The Oceans EQ: How are ocean floor features more spectacular than those on the continent? Standard S6E3c Describe the composition, location.

Created byMildred (who else?) $100 Page 10 More pg.10 Page 11 More pg.11 My Fault $200 $300 $400 $500 $100 $200 $300 $400 $500 $100 $200 $300 $400 $500.

SEISMIC WAVE BASICS. Finding an Epicenter ESRT TABLES – GRAPH PAGE 11.

Reading a Seismograph.  If a P-wave arrives at station A at 9:08, how do we correctly write the time? ________ : _________ : ________  If an S-Wave.

September 18, 2002Ahmed Elgamal 1 Seismic Waves Ahmed Elgamal.

Seismic phases and earthquake location

 Energy travels as seismic waves which are vibrations caused by earthquakes.  All earthquakes start beneath the earth’s surface.

Goal  Locate the epicenter of an earthquake. What is an Epicenter? A point on the surface of the Earth directly above the FOCUS of the earthquake. The.

Epicenters Infer an earthquake’s epicenter from seismographic data.

Worksheet – Earthquake P-wave & S-wave Travel Time Chart Tutorial

SEISMIC WAVE BASICS. Finding an Epicenter ESRT TABLES – GRAPH PAGE 11.

© 2015 Pearson Education, Inc. Laboratory Manual in Physical Geology, 10e Image PPTs Chapter 16 Earthquake Hazards and Human Risks.

EARTH SCIENCE DAY 04: EARTHQUAKES Pick up materials on the front table! Materials Needed: Writing Utensil Science Notebook Science Folder.

Locating the Epicenter

Ch.5, Sec.2 - Earthquake Measurement

Earthquake P-wave & S-wave Travel Time Chart Tutorial

4 min of arrival difference = 2,600 km

Ch.5, Sec.1 – Measuring Motion

Determine distance of earthquake from station GLA at Yuma: P arrival time 46 sec S arrival time 91 sec (S - P time) 45 sec Distance from station.

Worksheet – Earthquake P-wave & S-wave Travel Time Chart Tutorial

Do Now 1) t + 3 = – 2 2) 18 – 4v = 42.

SEISMIC WAVE BASICS.

Aim: How do you locate earthquakes?

Speed & Velocity.

Larry Braile, Purdue University

Focus Question: HOW CAN WE LOCATE THE EPICENTER OF AN EARTHQUAKE?

When does the P wave arrive? 08:08:00

Do First Which type of lava does not trap gases?

So why are seismograms so important?

EARTHQUAKES & PLATE TECTONICS

Finding the Epicenter.

Earthquakes! Created by Mildred (who else?).

Locating an Earthquake's

Major Oceans Seawater Ocean Currents Seafloor Features Waves

Unit II – Speed, Motion, Velocity and Acceleration

Presentation transcript:

Oceanography Practice Problems The following pages contain numerical word problems presented in lecture. There are two steps to solving word problems : 1)translate the wording into a numeric equation; –What are the variables, constants (for example, distance (d), rate ( r) 2)solve the equation! –This may first involve simplying the equation (combining like terms, etc)

Problem #1: Computing Longitude You are in the Pacific Ocean after having sailed from Santa Cruz 4 days earlier. It is noon (12:00) on the ship (local time), but a clock that keeps Santa Cruz time is at 3 PM (15:00). How many degrees of longitude have you traveled relative to Santa Cruz? Recall: 360° longitude / 24 hr = 15°/hr Solution: 15:00-12:00=3 hr 3 hr x 15°/hr = 45° You are 45° to the west

Problem #2: Water Depth You are in the Atlantic Ocean measuring water depth using sonar. The sonar records two way travel time (from ship to seafloor and back) of 3 seconds. Assuming that the average velocity of sound in seawater is 1.5 km/sec, determine the water depth in meters. Solution: d = r x t, r=1.5 km/sec, t=3 sec d =1.5 km/sec x 3 sec = 4.5 km 4.5 km/2 = 2.25 km 2.25 km x 1000 m/km = 2250 m

Problem #3: Computing Distance to Epi-center What do we know? V P = 8 km/sec, V S = 4 km/sec Difference in arrival time (∆T) between p and s waves = T S - T P Time it takes p and s waves to travel the same distance (D) T P = D/8, T S = D/4 ∆T between the P- waves and S-waves is: ∆T = T S - T P = D/4 – D/8 = 2D/8 - D/8 or ∆T = D/8 The distance D from the earthquake epicenter to seismic station is: D = 8 ∆T (constant is generally closer to 6) Example: S arrives 10 sec after P D = 8 ∆T = 8 km/sec (10 sec) = 80 km