Lower hypoxia thresholds of cuttlefish early life stages living in a warm acidified ocean by Rui Rosa, Katja Trübenbach, Tiago Repolho, Marta Pimentel,

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Lower hypoxia thresholds of cuttlefish early life stages living in a warm acidified ocean by Rui Rosa, Katja Trübenbach, Tiago Repolho, Marta Pimentel, Filipa Faleiro, Joana Boavida-Portugal, Miguel Baptista, Vanessa M. Lopes, Gisela Dionísio, Miguel Costa Leal, Ricardo Calado, and Hans O. Pörtner Proceedings B Volume 280(1768): October 7, 2013 ©2013 by The Royal Society

Effect of hypercapnia (ΔpH = 0.5) and warming (+4°C) on the: (a) survival rates (%); (b) embryonic development time (days); and (c) premature hatching (%) in the common cuttlefish Sepia officinalis. Rui Rosa et al. Proc. R. Soc. B 2013;280: ©2013 by The Royal Society

Effect of hypercapnia (ΔpH = 0.5) and warming (+4°C) on the: (a,b) routine metabolic rates (RMR, μmol O2 h−1 g−1 wet weight; n = 20); (c,d) pCO2 in the PVF (ppm; n = 20); (e,f) pH (n = 20); and (g,h) HCO3− (mM; n = 20) and in the PVF of intermediate embryon... Rui Rosa et al. Proc. R. Soc. B 2013;280: ©2013 by The Royal Society

(a–d) Effect of hypercapnia (ΔpH = 0.5) and warming (+4°C) on the mass-specific routine metabolic rates (RMR, μmol O2 h−1 g−1 wet weight) averaged over 2-min intervals as a function of available oxygen (mmHg) in intermediate embryonic stages (black circles)... Rui Rosa et al. Proc. R. Soc. B 2013;280: ©2013 by The Royal Society

Effect of hypercapnia (ΔpH = 0.5) on the thermal sensitivity (Q10; between 18°C and 22°C) of intermediate embryonic stages (left-hand side panels) and pre-hatchlings (right-hand side panels) of common cuttlefish Sepia officinalis. Rui Rosa et al. Proc. R. Soc. B 2013;280: ©2013 by The Royal Society

Effect of hypercapnia (ΔpH = 0.5) and warming (+4°C) on the: (a,b) PVF pO2 (kPa, n = 20), (c,d) measured external (ambient) critical partial pressure (Pc,ext, kPa; n = 20), (e,f) estimated internal critical partial pressure (Pc,in, kPa; n = 20), and (g,h) d... Rui Rosa et al. Proc. R. Soc. B 2013;280: ©2013 by The Royal Society