High Energy Physics funding Jiří Chýla General overview Structure Resources Numbers Problems Future 3/27/20151RECFA Meeting in Prague Institute of Physics, Academy of Sciences The Committee for Collaboration of the Czech Republic with CERN

Research funding - overview Expenditures on R&D in 2012 % of total Government sector 18.4 Higher Education sector 27.5 Domestic Bussiness sector53.6 Non for profit sector 0.5 Resources for R&D in 2012% GDP% total Total Government Public foreign (EU) Bussiness domestic Bussinnes foreign /27/2015RECFA Meeting in Prague2 Government sector:  Public Research Organisations (Academy of Sciences et al.)  State Research Organisations  Organisational units of the State 1% GDP= 1.5 BEUR

Structure CERN Membership: 1.03 % of CERN budget, 11.4 MCHF in % of Government R&D expenditures second only to UN Membership Core funding of Universities as well as Institutes of the Academy of Sciences provides means for wages of most of the researchers as well as technical and other personnel, but NOT for the actual research. Difficult to calculate. Project funding: almost all the research depends on the means obtained in the form of grants or projects from various agencies, national as well as European. 3/27/20153RECFA Meeting in Prague much more than membership in ESO, ESA or EMBL of which we are also members.

Project Funding - Resources 3/27/20154RECFA Meeting in Prague National European Ministry of Education (dominant source) Czech Science Foundation Czech Technological Agency 7 th Framework Horizon 2020?

Center for Particle Physics ( ), 0.6 MEUR Center for Heavy Ion Collisions ( ), 0.3 MEUR Grants from Ministry of Education Centers (supporting most of particle physics activities) From my 2012 Midterm report, all numbers per annum EURYI award from ESF, M. Schnabl, , 0.16 MEUR 5RECFA Meeting in Prague3/27/2015 ATLAS , 1.2 MEUR Other exps. at CERN , 1.4 MEUR D , 0.16 MEUR H , 0.16 MEUR STAR , 0.1 MEUR Auger , 0.2 MEUR Nova , 0.16 MEUR Belle II , 0.11 MEUR Total: MEUR

Center for Particle Physics ( ), 0.6 MEUR/y Center for Heavy Ion Collisions ( ), 0.3 MEUR/y 6RECFA Meeting in Prague3/27/2015 Most of the Particle physics activities, including Astroparticle Physics had been supported by two Centers within the frame- work of the program of Centers of Fundamental Research of the Ministry of Education: These Centers were to large extent continuation of the Center for Particle Physics of a similar previous Programme of the Ministry of Education ( ) and played crucial role in maintaining the teams involved in various experiments. Unfortunately this programme terminated in 2011 and has been replaced with programme of the Czech Science Foundation oriented on multidisciplinary research.

Grants from Ministry of Education and Czech Science Foundation ATLAS , 1.00 MEUR Other exps. at CERN , 1.20 MEUR D0+NOvA , 0.17 MEUR H , 0.03 MEUR STAR , 0.16 MEUR Heavy ions general , 0.16 MEUR Auger , 0.18 MEUR CTA , 0.10 MEUR Belle II , 0.10 MEUR Theory , 0.23 MEUR 7RECFA Meeting in Prague3/27/2015 Funding - Present situation ( all numbers per annum) 7 th FP: Detectors (Aida) , 0.08 MEUR Marie Curie , 0.03 MEUR Neuron Foundation: Theory , 0.02 MEUR Total: 3.45 MEUR

3/27/2015RECFA Meeting in Prague8 Problems: bright past, uncertain future For two decades we have enjoyed stable funding of HEP activities at CERN and elsewhere. To maintain current level of funding for the next decade is vital for our active participation in the next phase of LHC experiments and in their HL upgrade. However, we now face uncertain future as funding of most of the important projects ends December This is aggravated by the plans to overhaul the way R&D is go- verned and funded by creating the Ministry of Research. This in principle welcome step threatens to disrupt the funding of longterm projects in HEP coming at very inopportune time. The existing Programme which has provided most of the funds for HEP has reduced funding and will be terminated in New program is being prepared, but it aimes at funding infrastructures, rather than research itself.

3/27/2015RECFA Meeting in Prague9 There is strong pressure by business lobby to further increase Government funding of innovations research in the business sector entities despite the fact that 20 % of Government expenditures on R&D goes to business sector, twice the EU average. Another, though smaller, problem affecting public funding of HEP concerns the evaluation methodology used to determine core funding of Universities, Institutes of the Academy of Sciences and other Research Organizations, which takes into account the the number of coauthors from given institution. This methodolgy, when applied down to faculties of Universities and Chairs disadvantages big international Collaborations, typical for HEP experiments

3/27/2015RECFA Meeting in Prague10 Future We have been forced to frame the main part of HEP activities into several longterm projects of Research Infrastructures: CERN-CZ BNL-CZ FERMILAB-CZ FAIR-CZ AUGER-CZ CTA-CZ complemented with a few short term (2 years only!) projects covering research using these infrastructures. The above RI have been assessed by international committee and have a good chance to be funded provided the financial framework of the program will be adequate. So, IF all goes well we may have Brightagain?