BODY SYSTEMS REVIEW BODY SYSTEMS REVIEW 9 TH GRADE HEALTH

RESPIRATORY SYSTEM Another name for the pharynx is the _____ Throat

Respiratory System  Inflammation of the bronchi is called  bronchitis

RESPIRATORY SYSTEM  What disease progressively destroys the walls of the alveoli?  Emphysema

Respiratory System  Name two infections of the respiratory system.  Cold  Flu

Respiratory System  What are the main airways that reach into the lungs?  bronchi

Respiratory System  What is another name for the trachea?  Windpipe

Respiratory System  Air enters the body through the mouth and nose and travels down the ________ to the lungs.  trachea

Respiratory System  What is the muscle that separates the chest from the abdominal cavity?  diaphragm

Respiratory System  What is the one thing you should never do that could seriously harm the respiratory system?  Smoke

Respiratory System  With internal respiration, where does oxygen move to from the blood?  Into the cells

Excretory System  What is the name of the tube that urine passes through to exit the body?  urethra

Excretory System  What are the ureters?  The tubes that connect the kidneys to the bladder

Excretory System  How many cups of urine can the bladder hold? 2222

Excretory System  Which disorder is an inflammation of the bladder?  Cystitis

Excretory System  What is the process of removing wastes from the body?  excretion

Excretory System  What is the technique where an artificial kidney machine removes waste products from blood?  Hemodialysis

Excretory System  What is the name of the functional units of the kidneys?  nephrons

Excretory System How much water should you drink each day to maintain a healthy excretory system? 8 – 8 oz. glasses of water

Excretory System  When you sweat what are the two things you are removing from your body?  Water and salt

Excretory system  Name the 4 parts of the excretory system.  Kidneys  Ureters  Urethra  Bladder

Digestive System  What kills bacteria taken into the body with food?  Gastric juices

Digestive System  What is the main site of nutrient absorption?  Small intestines

Digestive System  What coats the inside of the stomach so acid and juices won’t digest itself?  mucus

Digestive System  Where is the appendix located?  Lower right side of intestine

Digestive System  What is appendicitis?  Inflammation of appendix

Digestive System  What two gasses are produced when bacteria in the large intestines breaks down indigested particles of food?  Hydrogen and methane

Digestive System  What happens when fluid and gas squeeze past the folds and turns of the digestive organ tissue?  Stomach growls

Digestive System  Name a food that often produces strong odors.  Cauliflower  Eggs  Meat

Digestive System  What is a sore in the lining of the digestive tract called?  Peptic ulcer

Digestive System  What does the mechanical breakdown of food begin with?  Mastication

Endocrine System  What gland is in charge of determining height?  Pituitary

Endocrine System  What are chemical substances that regulate many of the body’s functions?  Hormones

Endocrine System  What is known as the Master Gland?  Pituitary Gland

Endocrine System  What stimulates the pituitary gland to secrete hormones?  Hypothalamus

Endocrine System  What gland regulates the balance of calcium and phosphorus?  Parathyroid

Endocrine System  What gland balances your stress and emergency response?  Adrenal gland

Endocrine System  What gland controls the activities of all other endocrine glands?  Pituitary Gland

Endocrine System  What gland regulates body heat, metabolism and bone growth?  Thyroid

Endocrine System  What organ regulates the level of glucose in the blood?  Pancreas

Endocrine System  What glands are ductless organs that secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream?  Endocrine glands

Circulatory System  What is the name of the largest artery in the body?  Aorta

Circulatory System  Which type of blood vessel carries blood back to the heart?  veins

Circulatory System  When does the heart take a break?  In between each contraction

Circulatory System  Name the 4 types of blood. AAAA BBBB  AB OOOO

Circulatory System  How many chambers are in the heart? 4444

Circulatory System  What type of exercises should someone do in order to maintain the health of their circulatory system?  Aerobic exercises for 30 minutes at least 4 days a week

Circulatory System  Which type of blood vessel carries oxygenated blood away from the heart?  arteries

Circulatory System  What cells in the blood help to form clots to plug a wound?  Platelets

Circulatory System  Name three body systems that work together to cleanse blood.  Digestive  Respiratory  Excretory

Circulatory System  What causes the heart to beat?  Electrical impulses

Nervous System  What part of the brain is responsible for intellectual tasks?  Cerebrum

Nervous System  What part of the brain maintains balance and directs muscles?  Cerebellum

Nervous System  What is the basic building block of the nervous system?  Neuron

Nervous System  What part of the brain connects the spinal cord to the rest of the brain?  Brain stem

Nervous System  What is a degenerative disease of the nervous system?  Parkinson’s disease  Alzheimer’s disease  Dementia

Nervous System  What body response protects you from things that could cause harm?  Reflex

Nervous System  Which side of the body does the right hemisphere control?  Left

Nervous System  What acts as the central processor of the body?  The brain

Nervous System  Which division of the nervous system includes the nerves that extend from the brain, spinal cord, and sensory receptors?  Peripheral nervous system (PNS)

Nervous System  What are the two main divisions of the nervous system?  Central Nervous System (CNS)  Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)