ELEMENTS OF DESIGN A Review: What are they? How many elements are there?

What are the elements of design? Fundamental components of art works. There are 7, they include colour, form, line, shape, space, texture and value.

LINE LINE is a basic element of art, referring to a continuous mark, made on a surface, by a moving point.

COLOUR Colour is the element of art that is produced when light, striking an object, is reflected back to the eye.

SHAPE SHAPE is an element of art. Specifically, it is an enclosed space, the boundaries of which are defined by other elements of art. Ex. Square, circle etc.

FORM FORM is an element of art. At its most basic it is a three-dimensional geometrical figure (i.e. : sphere, cube, cylinder etc) as opposed to a shape, which is two-dimensional, or flat.

SPACE SPACE is an element of art that refers to distances or areas around, between or within components of a piece. It can be positive or negative, open or closed, shallow or deep and two-dimensional or three-dimensional.

VALUE VALUE is an element of art that refers to the lightness or darkness of a colour.

TEXTURE TEXTURE is another element of art, is used to describe either the way a three- dimensional work actually feels when touched, or the visual “feel” of a two-dimensional work.

What is Stippling? Stippling is an ink drawing technique where you apply tone and texture in small dots. You can adjust the depth of tone and the roughness of texture by varying the density and distribution of the dots

Example of the stippling technique

STIPPLING: A closer look

Like cross hatching, stippling scan take on many forms. It can be done freehand or mechanically, with carefully or loosely arranged dots of even or uneven densities and distribution. Any small marks, not only dots, are suitable for creating a stippled effect.

In our stippling worksheet the stippling technique is applied with great precision to convey the smooth tones of some basic forms. In Van Gogh's 'View of Arles', stippling is used in a more expressive manner to suggest the natural texture of a wheatfield. With the exception of Pointillism ( a style of painting where form is constructed from coloured dots ), stippling is rarely used as a technique on its own. It is nearly always combined withcross-hatching in order to enhance its effect.cross-hatching in order to enhance its effect.

Vincent Van Gogh ( ) View of Arles, (ink on paper, 1888)

What is Pointillism? This technique of painting has been used by many famous arts like Claude Monet and George Seurat since the 1800s. It is a technique that takes long lengths of time and great accuracy and planning. Each pointillism piece is made up of small dots put together to make one large image. Many artists combine pointillism in their work.

George Seurat, "A Sunday on La Grande Jatte",

REFERENCES awing/ink_drawing/pen_and_ink_drawing_7. htm awing/ink_drawing/pen_and_ink_drawing_7. htm and-techniques-pointillism.html and-techniques-pointillism.html _self_expression.htm _self_expression.htm