Structural characteristics of the Hungarian Agriculture and Food Industry Rome 29 June – July 2005 Éva Laczka Joint UNECE /EUROSTAT/FAO/OECD Meeting on Food and Agricultural Statistics in Europe

Structure of my presentation Introduction Food consumption in Hungary Hungarian Agriculture Hungarian „Farms” Hungarian Food Industry Agriculture and Food Industry in the GDP Agriculture and Food Industry in Employment Agriculture and Food Industry in External Trade Conclusion

Population volumes and Agriculture (per cent) (Index: average of years =100,0) Year WorldEuropeHungary populationagriculturepopulationagriculturepopulationagriculture ,780,668,582,0103,5123, ,181,068,781,9103,2129, ,583,199,6106,4102,999, ,883,699,7103,9102,689, ,185,799,897,6102,392, ,587,699,997,7102,091, ,891,4100,0100,8101,798, ,193,5100,0100,9101,3101, ,495,1100,098,6100,9101, ,798,2100,0 100,494, ,0100,2100,0100,1100,093, ,3101,6100,099,999,6111, ,5103,099,9101,499,197, ,8105,899,898,398,796, ,0103,8110,2

Food consumption in Hungary (1990, 1994, 1998, 2002, 2003) Products Food consumption per capita, kg/capita Meat, meat products, fish 73,169,063,775,472,0 Milk 169,7140,0149,6143,1138,3 Fats 38,638,136,239,039,1 Eggs 21,618,814,716,716,5 Flour, rice 110,391,384,187,888,1 Potatoes 61,058,267,465,364,5 Sugar, honey 38,636,242,132,933,2 Vegetables 83,385,894,3111,7113,7 Fruits 72,369,667,591,686,4

The Hungarian Agriculture Utilised agricultural area 60 per cent Utilised agricultural area per capita 0,6 hectare Dominance of cereal production Limited orchard and vineyard areas Decreasing animal husbandry

Agricultural enterprises Average agricultural area 503 hectare 71 per cent Crop farming 11 per cent Livestock farming 18 per cent Mixed farming Cattle and pig

Private holdings (1) Average agricultural area 3 hectare 37 per cent Crop farming 25 per cent Livestock farming 38 per cent Mixed farming Pigs, cattle, sheep, horses

Private holdings (2) 59 per cent for family consumption 12 per cent for market 29 per cent for family consumption and for market

Food processing in enterprises and holdings (2000, 2003) Denomination Share of agricultural enterprises private holdings engaged in food processing (per cent) Meat processing 1,150,760,410,40 Milk processing 0,390,380,130,62 Fruit and vegetable processing 1,320,780,210,50 Wine bottling 1,011,270,040,03

The Hungarian Food Industry Denomination Number of food processing factories Meat processing and preservation Poultry processing Processing of fruits and vegetables Dairy processing Production of milling products Production of bread and fresh pasta Production of sugar Breweries Production of soft drinks

Key characteristics of the Hungarian Food Industry Decreasing state ownership Decreasing investment Reduction of employment Recreasing productivity

Agriculture and Food Industry in the national economy

Agriculture and Food Industry in Employment

External Trade of cereals and cereal products

External Trade of vegetables and fruit products

External Trade of meat and meat products

External Trade of dairy products

Conclusion The change-over to the market economy hit the Agriculture and Food Industry The share of Agriculture and Food Industry in the GDP declined The share of Agriculture and Food Industry in Employment declined The transformation process continues Agriculture and Food Industry should find the place and role in the EU economy

Thank you for your attention