Plate Tectonics  Each of the following sentences is incorrect. Rewrite them to make them true.  As altitude increases pressure increases, because higher up there are more molecules pushing down on you.  The troposphere contains the ozone layer, which traps sunlight and keeps the Earth warm.  All life on Earth occurs in the mesosphere. Write in complete sentences! Don’t talk during the Catalyst!

Objectives By the end of today, all SWBAT…  Describe how convection causes tectonic plate movement  Explain how tectonic plates move at convergent, divergent and transform boundaries

 The lithosphere cracked into pieces as the Earth cooled.  Tectonic plate = piece of the lithosphere  20 plates Quick Review

Plates of the Earth

What do we know about the temperature of the earth?

Because of this temperature difference…  Key Point #1: Convection causes tectonic plates to move  Molten (hot liquid) core rises, cools off, and then sinks  This makes a conveyor belt that moves the tectonic plates

There are two types of plates  Key Point #2: There are two types of tectonic plate  Oceanic crust: thin and dense (HEAVY)  Continental crust: thick and less dense

 Key Point #3:  There are three ways that plates move against each other

Complete this table in your notes Movement…Makes…Picture Transform Divergent Convergent

Transform Plate Boundary  Movement:  Two plates slip past each other  Makes:  Earthquakes

Divergent Plate Boundary  Movement:  Two plates move APART  Makes:  New crust  Mid-ocean ridges (mountain ranges in the ocean) Diverge: move apart

Convergent Plate Boundary  Movement:  Two plates move toward each other  Oceanic plates sink below continental plates  Forms:  Volcanoes  Mountains

Why are volcanic islands found in chains?!?!  Stop and Jot Like It’s Hot  Try to figure it out yourself  Answer in notes Hint #1: Think about how plates are moving when they’re formed Hint #2: Think about what process is causing the plates to move

Why are volcanic islands found in chains?!?!  Convection causes plates to move  When they move over a “hot spot” a volcano forms  The plates continue to move, producing many volcanoes in a line

Whiteboard Practice  Send one person from your group to get  Whiteboards  Markers

What occurs during convection? Hot material in the Earth rises, cools, and then sinks in a CIRCLE

Which plate boundary? Two plates move together Convergent

Divergent

Convergent

How does convection cause tectonic plates to move? Material in the Earth is always moving in a circle This creates a conveyor belt that carries the plates Material in the Earth is always moving in a circle This creates a conveyor belt that carries the plates

Two plates slide past one another Transform

Two plates move apart Divergent

One plate sinks under the other Convergent

Describe why volcanic islands are found in chains Convection causes a plate to move over a hotspot, which produces a volcanic island The plate keeps moving, which makes more islands in a line Convection causes a plate to move over a hotspot, which produces a volcanic island The plate keeps moving, which makes more islands in a line

Trenches and mountains are made Convergent

Earthquakes are formed Transform

Divergent Explain what is happening in this picture

Earthquakes are formed Transform

Key Point Wrap-Up  Key Point #1: Convection causes tectonic plates to move  Hot material rises, cools off, and sinks in a CIRCLE  Key Point #2: There are two types of tectonic plate  Oceanic  Continental  There are three ways that plates move against each other  Convergent  Divergent  Transform

Exit Questions  How does convection cause tectonic plate movement?  What type of plate boundary forms mid-ocean ridges?  The Mariana islands are a chain of islands created by volcanoes. Explain why the islands are found in a line