Growth Patterns

Learning intentions  I can explain that growth is an increase in mass  I can state several ways as to how growth can be measured (fresh weight, dry weight, height and increase in cell number.  I can recognise the growth pattern of different organisms.  I can give explanation of reason for the shape of typical growth patterns  I can compare the differences between how plant and animals grow

Success Criteria By the end of the activity:  I can state that growth is an increase in mass  I can state that growth can be measured by dry weight, fresh weight, height or increase in cell number  I can describe or draw the typical growth pattern of a tree, human, insect and annual plant  I can complete a table to compare and contrast where and how plants and animals grow

What is growth?  Growth is an irreversible increase in mass of an organism (usually involves an increase in cell number).  Water content can vary a lot in an organism so we often use dry mass to measure growth.  Growth involves the uptake of chemicals and synthesis of new structures.  Growth can also be measured by height and cell number

How do animal and plants grow? Plants and Animals use different mechanisms for growth.  In a developing animals growth occurs all over the body.  In plants growth occurs in regions in the root and shoot tip and in areas of the stem only

Annual Growth Rings

The Thickness of Annual Rings  The growing conditions of a year can be determined by Annual Ring Thickness.  Wide Ring – a year of mild temperatures, with plenty of sunshine and rainfall – good growing conditions.  Narrow Ring – cold weather, drought, or maybe disease / insect infestation – basically poor growing conditions

Regeneration in Plants Regeneration is the process by which an organism replaces lost or damaged parts.  Flowering plants are good at regeneration  A piece of root or stem can regenerate a entire plant

Regeneration in Mammals Mammals have limited regenerative powers. Regeneration only really occurs in the  healing of wounds  mending of broken bones  replacement of blood after loss  regeneration of damaged liver

Animals – Liver Regeneration  Greatest potential for regeneration  Multiple functions so cells less differentiated  Half a liver can regenerate to full size within 3 months

Animals – Skin regeneration  Includes skin, hair and nails  Power to regenerate decreases with age

Animals – Heart and Neuron regeneration  Incapable of regeneration  All brain cells are developed at birth  Many will increase in size and may also gain in function  Cells are dying all the time.

Limb Regeneration A few animals are able to regenerate limbs Newts Lizards Hydra

Hydra budding