Section 1 – Expanding Horizons

 Not being involved in foreign affairs

 Expanding to neighboring territories

 President in 1853 – sent Mathew Perry to Japan

 Asked the Japan to begin trading goods with the U.S.

 The fleet of war ships scared them  They signed a treaty

 Japan opens ports to American Ships  We began moving west

 When European nations got bigger by taking over smaller regions

 Wanted an American Empire to control the Caribbean, Central America, and the Pacific Ocean

 Became a state in 1912  Purchased for around a dollar an acre  Seward bought it from Russia for 7.2 million

 He was made fun of because he bought a piece of ice  We discovered gold, oil and other natural resources there

 Wanted to spread Christianity to nations close by making them civilized

 Warned European Nations not to try and colonize land in Central and South America

 Our influence changed their economy -  How?

 An agreement between the U.S. and Latin America to share information with one another

 Wanted to enlarge and improve the Navy  Thought that a strong navy would intimidate the world

 In 1883, ships were built out of steel for the first time  We had to have a base to refuel them

 In the beginning ships were wooden and used sails  Then they were steam powered  Some are nuclear

 Imperialism in the Pacific  What does “imperialism” mean?

 Where is the Pacific Ocean?

 Slowly spread the U.S. in other regions by colonizing smaller regions

 Two strategic islands in the Pacific Ocean that Seward wanted to add to the U.S. for ships to stop and re-fuel

 8 large islands in the Pacific Ocean  Were fisherman, and farmers of sugar cane and pineapples  There are no snakes there

 The Hawaiian King that unified all the islands in Hawaii  He was born on the night that Haley’s Comet passed the earth

 Gave the U.S. a naval base at Pearl Harbor  When we renewed our trade agreement with them

 Sugar planters couldn’t afford to pay the tariff on their sugar  So they agreed to become a U.S. territory  And soon, a state

 Was overthrown by American Sugar Planters  We had farms there  She took our power  So we took hers

 Temporary

 John Stevens arranged for us to win the revolt  Added Hawaii to the U.S.

 Approved the annexation of Hawaii

 Withdrew the annexation of Hawaii because the Hawaiians didn’t want it  But… money talks and it happened anyway

 The U.S. and Germany share the islands

 Areas where different countries have special powers

 Proposed an Open Door Policy with other Nations  Allowed any country in China to trade with other countries inside China’s Sphere of Influence

 Secret Chinese Martial Arts Society

 Where the Russo- Japanese War was

 Signed the Treaty of Portsmouth  Returned Korea to Japan  Only if they promised to stop expanding

 Fleet of 16 white ships sent around the world to show everyone how powerful we were

Section 3- Spanish American War

 Led the Cuban Revolt against the Cuban Government

 Wanted to settle the Cuban conflict peacefully

 An American war ship anchored in Havana Harbor, that blew up “Mysteriously”

 Site of the first battle of the Spanish American War  Spain owned the Philippines

 Led the battle in the Philippians

 Led the rebels  Fought to help the American soldiers

 The main island in the Philippines

 Cuban harbor in the southeast corner of Cuba

 Led by Theodore Roosevelt  The Battle of San Juan Hill

 We took it after we left Cuba  We still have it

 A country that is independent but is controlled by another country anyway

 Gave the US. Control of parts of Cuba  Gave us Guantanamo Bay

 Opposing foreign expansion

 Wanted to get the Philippines ready to run themselves

Section 4 – Latin American Policies

 Country in Central America  Site of the Panama Canal  Was controlled by France

 Encouraged the Panamanians to revolt against the Columbians

 Helped eliminate Yellow fever  It is spread by mosquitoes

 Disorder and lawlessness  Usually a rebellion against the Government

 Gave the U.S. the right to but into South American business if they acted a fool

 The idea that the U.S. should be concerned with the stability of other nations

 Overthrew Madera  Liked the idea of wealth and trade with other countries

 Refused to recognize Huerta  Used Moral Diplomacy to challenge Mexico  Diplomacy is the idea that talking can resolve any issues you have with other countries

 Huerta’s rival  The U.S. sold him guns hoping he would kill Huerta

 Opposed Carranza  Killed several Americans just to make us mad  Went into New Mexico and Burned down the town of Columbus

 Went to kill Villa  Couldn’t find him  He came back empty handed when WWI began