Speech & Political Campaigns. Campaign Fundraising & Spending 2004 Election –Congressional $985.4 million raised = 20% inc. from 2002 $911.8 million spent.

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

The Federal Election Commission and campaign finance Regulation

Advertisements

Nature of Modern Campaigns Most electoral contests are similar in a number of ways. Nomination campaign aimed at winning primary. General election campaign.

Interest Groups and the Political Process Post-Citizens United

Unit 3.2: Electoral Process

Federal Campaign Finance Law. Federal Election Commission  Established by Congress in 1974, the FEC in an independent agency in the executive branch.

Campaign Finance I. Freewrite Why is money necessary to political campaigns? Why is money in campaigns problematic for representative democracy? Can we.

Money and Politics Reference Ch 7.3.

Campaign Finance 101 What is the difference between hard money and soft money? What is FECA? What is the BCRA? Why is campaign finance so controversial?

ISSUES Contributions: From what sources does money come? Where does it go? Should amounts be controlled? Expenditures: What can different “players” in.

Section 1—The Nominating Process Money and the Election Process  The great paradox of modern elections: Money is a corrupting influence but candidates.

Campaign Finance. Why is money necessary to political campaigns? Why is money in campaigns problematic for representative democracy? Can we restrict money.

Campaign Financing Cost of Modern Campaigns Campaign Reform Legislation Post-Watergate Reforms (FECA) Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act (BCRA) Sources of.

CAMPAIGN FINANCE. MONEY Politicians need money to win elections election cost over $1.1 billion!

Financing Campaigns. Running for office is very expensive; for example, presidential candidates spend about 1 billion dollars each in the 2012 election.

* Independent Expenditures – spending by political action committees, corporations, or labor unions to help a party or candidate but done independently.

Money in US Elections PART 1.  Teapot Dome scandal (1925)  Cabinet members illegally leased federal lands in exchange for bribes from private oil development.

* A committee set up by a corporation, labor union, or interest group that raises and spends campaign money from voluntary donations. * PAC must give.

CAMPAIGN FINANCE AND SPENDING.  1974 – Federal Election Campaign Act is passed to reform campaign finances.  Two main goals: (1) Tightening reporting.

What Determines Elections? Linkage Institutions #4.

Campaigns Campaign Organization Reaching Voters: Campaigns and Media Negative Campaigning Campaign Financing Euroquest Travel Grou.

American Government Campaign Finance. Money in Congressional Elections The Cost of U.S. House Seat –$1 million for incumbents (4x as much as average challenger)

 Presidential Primaries  Part private, part public money Federal matching funds for all individuals’ donations of $250 or less (incentive to raise money.

Chapter 9 Campaigns & Elections. How We Nominate Candidates The Party Nominating Convention The Party Nominating Convention –Select candidates and delegates.

Unit 2 Ch 6-11 Inputs to US Government. Campaign Finance Early days –No restrictions on hard money Direct donations to candidates from people/organizations.

Incumbents and Elections Free speech and Campaign Finance Reform.

The Campaign Process. Roots Nomination Campaign – winning a primary election to represent your party in the general election. General Election Campaign.

Campaigns and Elections.  The Changing Nature of Campaigns Internet Web Sites Polling and Media Consultants Computerized Mailing Lists Focus Groups.

 Presidential Primaries  Part private, part public money Federal matching funds for all individuals’ donations of $250 or less (incentive to raise money.

Campaign Finance & Political Speech Political speech – inseparable from the concept of self-government –Limits: 1907 Tillman Act 1910 Federal Corrupt Practices.

Unit II Election Process.  FEC – Federal Election Commission  BCRA – Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act  Buckley vs. Valeo  Citizens United vs. FEC 

Campaign Finance Reform Objective: Assess info on campaign finance reform and draw conclusions as to: 1)the constitutionality of various reforms, and 2)the.

The Electoral Process Chapter 7.

Money and Elections Chapter 7 Section 3.

Campaign Finance How to fund a race for government office.

Money and Elections. Strategies to prevent abuse in elections Impose limits on giving, receiving, and spending political money Requiring public disclosure.

Campaigns The Message and the Money. The Media and Campaigns Campaigns attempt to gain favorable media coverage: Isolation of candidate (Biden, Palin)

 Presidential Primaries  Part private, part public money Federal matching funds for all individuals’ donations of $250 or less (incentive to raise money.

Money and Elections Objective 26H. Campaign Spending Total spending for all party efforts in the 2004 presidential election reached over $2 billion. Sums.

APS Day 8 Enduring Understanding(s) 1.Voters select candidates mainly based on party identification and candidate attributes, more often than basing their.

The Election Process Module 6.2: Campaign Finance.

Sources of Campaign Money Presidential Primaries Part private, part public money Federal matching funds for all individuals’ donations of $250 or less.

AP Government and Politics Chapter 8: Wilson

Campaign Finance The connection between money and the elections.

Campaign Finance Unit 4: The Electoral Process. Some terms to start FECA – Federal Election Commission BCRA – Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act Hard money.

 It amended the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971, which regulates the financing of political campaigns.  It ended the influence of soft money in.

Homework: PP and IGs test on Friday FrontPage: Turn in FP; make sure to vote BoR…

Campaign Financing STEPHANOW, The Federal Election Commission (FEC) is the independent regulatory agency charged with administering and enforcing.

Campaign Finance Sources of Campaign Money Presidential Candidates –Private Donors –Federal Government Congressional Candidates (& all other) –Private.

The First Amendment And Campaign Finance. Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof;

Elections and Financing. Types of Elections 1.General Elections Held after primary elections Always 1 st Tues after 1 st Mon in Nov. Every even year:

Nominations and Campaigns. Two stages Nomination: party’s official endorsement of a candidate for office (requires money, media attention, and momentum)

Goal 4- Paying for Election Campaigns Chapter (10.3)

The Election Process Elections and Paying for Campaigns.

Campaign Finance. Question Why is money necessary to political campaigns? Why is money in campaigns problematic for representative democracy? Can we restrict.

Chapter 7: The Electoral Process Section 3. Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc.Slide 2 Chapter 7, Section 3 Key Terms political action committee (PAC):

Interest Groups and the Political Process Post-Citizens United

Interest Groups and the Political Process Post-Citizens United

Hard Money: Federal Election Campaign Act (1971, 1974) – increased disclosure of contributions for federal campaigns and 1974 amendments placed legal.

Money in Elections and Improving the Election Process

12.2 Campaign Funding and PACs

Interest Groups and the Political Process Post-Citizens United

Unit 2: Pol. Beliefs, Behaviors & Unit 4: Institutions

Interest Groups and the Political Process Post-Citizens United

Interest Groups and the Political Process Post-Citizens United

Money and Campaigning The Maze of Campaign Finance Reforms

ISSUES Contributions: From what sources does money come? Where does it go? Should amounts be controlled? Expenditures: What can different “players”

Campaign finance.

Interest Groups and Campaign Finance

Presentation transcript:

Speech & Political Campaigns

Campaign Fundraising & Spending 2004 Election –Congressional $985.4 million raised = 20% inc. from 2002 $911.8 million spent = 18% inc. from 2002 –Presidential $1 billion generated by candidates & conventions = 56% inc. from 2000 General recognition campaign funding & spending out of control

Campaign Finance Reform Laws Legislation seeking to change way campaigns run & funded Federal Election Campaign Act (FECA) –Contribution Limits $1,000/candidate for individuals & groups $5,000/candidate for political action committee (PAC) $25,000 annual limit on individual donors –$1,000 expenditure limit on individuals & groups seeking to spend $ on clearly identified candidate –Record-keeping requirements to track and publish political committees contributions & expenditures

Buckley v. Valero (1976) Did the limits placed on electoral expenditures by the Federal Election Campaign Act…violate the First Amendment's freedom of speech and association clauses? Restrictions on individual contributions to political campaigns and candidates did not violate the First Amendment –Limitations of the FECA enhance the "integrity of our system of representative democracy" by guarding against unscrupulous practices.

Buckley v. Valero (1976) cont. Governmental restriction of independent expenditures in campaigns, the limitation on expenditures by candidates from their own personal or family resources, and the limitation on total campaign expenditures did violate the First Amendment –Practices do not necessarily enhance the potential for corruption that individual contributions to candidates do –Restricting them did not serve a government interest great enough to warrant a curtailment on free speech and association.

First National Bank of Boston v. Bellotti (1977) Is the state regulation of corporate speech constitutional? Unconstitutional to restrict corporate speech to items that are “materially affecting” its business –Corporation should not be treated differently than private persons. –Corporation may freely discuss government affairs. –They do not otherwise control or drown out the voices of individuals.

Austin v. Michigan Chamber of Commerce (1989) Michigan Campaign Finance Act –Prohibited corporations from using treasury money for independent expenditures to support or oppose candidates in elections for state offices. –However, if a corporation set up an independent fund designated solely for political purposes, it could make such expenditures. Michigan Chamber of Commerce wanted to support a candidate for Michigan's House of Representatives by using general funds to sponsor a newspaper advertisement.

Austin v. Michigan Chamber of Commerce (1989) cont. Did the Michigan Campaign Finance Act violate the First and Fourteenth Amendments? Found the law to be constitutional. –Commercial speech is protected by the 1st Amendment, but not as much as other forms of speech. –State had a compelling government interest in maintaining integrity of the political process, and "corporate wealth can unfairly influence elections." –Law was narrowly tailored enough to be constitutional because it allowed corporations to make donations through independent, segregated funds.

Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act (BCRA) McCain-Feingold Act (2002) Bans use of soft money in federal elections –$ not given directly to a campaign & is not offered for the purpose of influencing a federal election Limits issue ads during periods immediately preceding elections –Issue advocacy = electoral communication that mentions a candidate by mane in association with a particular issue/cause BUT stops short or urging public to vote against identified candidate

McConnell v. Federal Election Commission (2003) Does the restriction on soft-money contributions to national party committees violates the First Amended Freedom of Speech? A complete ban on donations and advertising would violate such rights, restrictions on contributions and advertising does not affect the right of Freedom of Speech. BCRA only marginally impacts the ability of contributors, candidates, officeholders and parties to engage in effective political speech. –BCRA only limits the source and individual amount of donations.

McConnell v. Federal Election Commission (2003) cont. BCRA’s issue advocacy is not vague or overly broad. Soft-money donations have a corrupting influence or have the appearance of corruption. –Candidates must vote on important issues and should not have the pressure of those who donated to his or her election weigh in on his or her decision on votes. Restriction justified by the government's legitimate interest in preventing "both the actual corruption threatened by large financial contributions and... the appearance of corruption" that might result from those contributions.