ATMOSPHERE HEATING RATE: CLOUD FREE ATMOSPHERE. Words and Equation from Petty: Radiative Heating Rate.

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

Radiation Balance of the Earth-Atmosphere System In Balance: Energy flow in = Energy flow out PowerPoint 97 To download: Shift LeftClick Please respect.

Advertisements

The Atmospheric Greenhouse Effect Please read Chapter 3 in Archer Textbook.

Solar Radiation and Insolation

The Earth’s Global Energy Balance

Earth’s Global Energy Balance Overview

Energy Budget of the Earth-Atmosphere System

(theta) dependence of intensity theta A’A >. Energy per square meter decreases at lower sun angles and shorter daylight periods.

Photosynthetically-active radiation (spectral portion, CI) h h h h h h h h.

Energy Budget of the Earth- Atmosphere System. Energy Transfer Conduction -- direct molecular transfer Convection -- fluids; air or water –Sensible heat.

Climate Earth’s Radiation Balance. Solar Radiation Budget Life on earth is supported by energy from the sun Energy from the sun is not simply absorbed.

Energy Input: Solar Radiation decreases poleward reduced in areas of frequent cloud total energy input to atmosphere highest at equator, but highest insolation.

ATS Lecture 2 Energy & Radiation Surface Maps.

1 Weather and Climate Bay Area Earth Science Institute (BAESI) Energy in the Atmosphere San Jose State University, January 24, 2004

Lecture 1: Introduction to the planetary energy balance Keith P Shine, Dept of Meteorology,The University of Reading

Earth-Atmosphere Energy Balance Earth's surface absorbs the 51 units of shortwave and 96 more of longwave energy units from atmospheric gases and clouds.

Pat Arnott, ATMS 749 Atmospheric Radiation Transfer ATMS 749 Atmospheric Radiation Transfer.

Visualizing Physical Geography Copyright © 2008 John Wiley and Sons Publishers Inc. Chapter 2 The Earth’s Global Energy Balance.

1 Met 10 Weather Processes Jeff Gawrych Temperature, Heat Transfer and Earth’s Energy Balance.

Ozone Creation. Chapter 4 Atmosphere and Surface Energy Balances Geosystems 6e An Introduction to Physical Geography Robert W. Christopherson Charles.

Chapter 4 Atmosphere and Surface Energy Balances Robert W. Christopherson Charlie Thomsen.

Earth’s Energy Budget Earth has 2 heat engines: – Internal – External Internal Heat Engine – Energy that drives plate tectonics – Source = radioactive.

Radiation in the Atmosphere (Cont.). Cloud Effects (2) Cloud effects – occur only when clouds are present. (a) Absorption of the radiant energy by the.

Radiation Group 3: Manabe and Wetherald (1975) and Trenberth and Fasullo (2009) – What is the energy balance of the climate system? How is it altered by.

Solar Radiation and Insolation Incoming solar radiation:

Pat Arnott, ATMS 749, UNR, PRACTICAL CONSEQUENCES OF THE SCHWARZSCHILD EQUATION FOR RADIATION TRANSFER WHEN SCATTERING IS NEGLIGIBLE From Grant Petty’s.

Ch Solar Energy and the Atmosphere

Earth’s Radiation Balance and the Seasons Geog 1, Week 3, March 12 Chapters 2 and 4 of Christopherson Need to Know Energy flow through the atmosphere.

Chapter 4 Atmosphere and Surface Energy Balances Robert W. Christopherson Charlie Thomsen.

Solar Energy and Energy Balance in the Atmosphere.

Energy Balance and Circulation Systems. 2 of 12 Importance Energy from Sun (Energy Budget) –“Drives” Earth’s Atmosphere  Creates Circulation Circulation.

Lecture 3 read Hartmann Ch.2 and A&K Ch.2 Brief review of blackbody radiation Earth’s energy balance TOA: top-of-atmosphere –Total flux in (solar or SW)=

TOPIC III THE GREENHOUSE EFFECT. SOLAR IRRADIANCE SPECTRA 1  m = 1000 nm = m Note: 1 W = 1 J s -1.

Chapter 3 Solar and Terrestrial Radiation. Driving Question How does energy flow into and out of the Earth-Atmosphere system? Law of Energy Conservation.

Solar Energy Heat and Light. Energy Can take many different forms –____________ –Heat –____________.

Pat Arnott, ATMS 749, UNR, 2008 CH 8: ATMOSPHERIC EMISSION: PRACTICAL CONSEQUENCES OF THE SCHWARZSCHILD EQUATION FOR RADIATION TRANSFER WHEN SCATTERING.

National Weather Service Shreveport The Atmosphere.

Circulation in the atmosphere Circulation in the Atmosphere.

AAAHHHHH!!!!. Climate Change Climate Physical properties of the troposphere of an area based on analysis of its weather records over a long period Two.

Goals for Today 1.PREDICT the consequences of varying the factors that determine the (a) effective radiating temperature and (b) mean surface temperature.

Atmospheric Basics Section 11.1 Section Atmospheric Composition Energy is transferred throughout Earth’s atmosphere Energy is transferred throughout.

Incoming & Outgoing of Energy of the Earth. The Earth’s Energy Balance The Earth's average temperature remains fairly constant from year to year. Therefore,

Surface Energy Budget R = - (G + H + L )

Planetary Energy Budget Current News and Weather Electromagnetic Spectrum Insolation (Short-Wave Energy) Terrestrial Radiation (Long-Wave Energy) Greenhouse.

Blackbody Radiation/ Planetary Energy Balance

Climate and Global Change Notes 17-1 Earth’s Radiation & Energy Budget Resulting Seasonal and Daily Temperature Variations Vertical Temperature Variation.

ENERGY AND HEATING OF THE ATMOSPHERE. Energy – the ability to do work.

Chapter 4 Atmosphere and Surface Energy Balances Geosystems 6e An Introduction to Physical Geography Robert W. Christopherson Charles E. Thomsen.

The Atmosphere Earth Science Mr. Barry. Atmospheric Composition The atmosphere is mainly Oxygen (21%) and Nitrogen (78%) Other major gases include Argon,

17 Chapter 17 The Atmosphere: Structure and Temperature.

The Greenhouse Effect. Natural heating of earth’s surface caused by greenhouse gases –CO 2 (Carbon Dioxide) –CH 3 (Methane) –N 2 O (Nitrous Oxide) –H.

The Atmosphere: One component of the climate system Composition / Structure Radiative transfer Vertical and latitudinal heat transport Atmospheric circulation.

Unit 5: Ch 17.3 Temperature controls.

Atmospheric Thermodynamics: An Energy Perspective

ATMOSPHERE AND WEATHER

Planetary Energy Budget

Global energy balance SPACE

Natural Environments: The Atmosphere

Lecture 4: Heat Transfer and Energy Balance

What is INSOLATION? A Science Sisters Production 2017.

ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION

Lecture 6: Energy balance and temperature (Ch 3)

Climate Dynamics 11:670:461 Alan Robock

ATOC 4720 class29 1. How the energy balance is achieved in the earth-atmosphere system 2. The energy balance of the upper atmosphere 3. The energy balance.

FIGURE 2.10 Sunlight warms the earth’s surface only during the day, whereas the surface constantly emits infrared radiation upward during the day and at.

Composition, Structure, & Heat Budget

“Energy in Earth Processes”

The Atmosphere Presentation, Humidity. Build a Psychrometer

The Ins & Outs of Solar Radiation

ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION

Unit 5 Earth’s Energy Budget.

Presentation transcript:

ATMOSPHERE HEATING RATE: CLOUD FREE ATMOSPHERE

Words and Equation from Petty: Radiative Heating Rate

Heating Rate Due to Absorption (positive) and emission (negative) by gases in the atmosphere. Cloud free atmosphere. (Wallace and Hobbs pg 139.) Solar radiation: Solid curves. Terrestrial radiation: Dashed curves. Heavy Black: Combined effect of solar and terrestrial radiation. Notes: Stratosphere near balance. CO 2 cooling, O 3 heating. Troposphere, water vapor dominates, with mostly IR cooling and some solar heating. BALANCE: Achieved by addition of latent and sensible heat from the surface. The surface is heated by absorption of solar and IR radiation.

From Petty. Tropical Atmosphere.

From Petty. Total heating, tropics, dependent on sun angle.

From Petty.

From Petty, dependence on geographical location.

ATMOSPHERE HEATING RATE: CLOUDY ATMOSPHERE

Schematic of Cloud Heating and Cooling Effects: Wallace and Hobbs Pg 139. IR cooling at cloud top and heating at cloud base tends to increase the lapse rate, promoting convection. Daytime heating by solar radiation heats cloud tops, suppressing convection.

IR Cooling Rates (from Liou) Messages: Clouds are good absorbers and emitters of IR radiation. Solar heating most at cloud top, countering cloud top cooling in the IR, during day. Cooling rate is from the vertical divergence of the net irradiance absorbed and emitted.

OVERALL RADIATION BALANCE: Increased solar absorption in troposphere (lowers albedo) -> increased IR from atmosphere to gnd, gnd to atmosphere, atmosphere to space (response to lowering albedo).

Radiation Pathways and ‘Budget’ (342 W/m 2 is the total Solar 1,370 W/m 2 averaged over the Earths’ Surface)

Radiative Balance: Wallace and Hobbs Ch units solar solar radiation = 342 W/m 2. Black=Solar Radiation, Red = IR Radiation. 70 net absorbed 70 net emitted