The Rock Cycle
D21 Explain how internal energy of the Earth causes matter to cycle through the magma and the solid earth.
The Rock Cycle
Three Major Rock Groups Igneous Sedimentary Metamorphic
Major Rock Groups Formed from melted or molten rock Igneous Formed from melted or molten rock There are two types of igneous rock Plutonic or Intrusive This forms from magma which undergoes slow cooling and crystallization below the surface Volcanic or Extrusive This forms from lava which undergoes quick cooling at the surface
Igneous Rocks
Igneous Rocks Pumice Obsidian
Major Rock Groups Sedimentary These rocks form from small pieces of materials which collect, and over time become cemented together as rock These are formed at the Earth’s surface Two Types Clastic These form from mineral fragments or clays Chemical These form from crystals or biochemical precipitates
Sedimentary Rocks
Sedimentary Rocks
Major Rock Groups Metamorphic These types of rocks have been changed by pressure, temperature and fluids.
Metamorphic Rock
Fig. 2.9 MAGMA
IGNEOUS Crystallization MAGMA
IGNEOUS Plutonic Crystallization MAGMA
Volcanic IGNEOUS Plutonic Crystallization MAGMA
Weathering Volcanic IGNEOUS Plutonic Crystallization Uplift MAGMA
SEDIMENT SEDIMENT Volcanic IGNEOUS Plutonic Uplift MAGMA Weathering Crystallization Cooling Uplift MAGMA
Erosion & Transport & Pressure SEDIMENT SEDIMENT Weathering Erosion & Transport & Pressure Volcanic IGNEOUS Plutonic Crystallization Cooling Water Uplift MAGMA Wind Ice Gravity
Lithification = Cementation + Compaction SEDIMENT Volcanic IGNEOUS Erosion SEDIMENT Weathering Lithification = Cementation + Compaction Transport Deposition Volcanic IGNEOUS Plutonic SEDIMENTARY Crystallization Cooling Uplift MAGMA
SEDIMENT Volcanic IGNEOUS Plutonic SEDIMENTARY METAMORPHIC Burial Erosion SEDIMENT Weathering Transport Deposition Volcanic IGNEOUS Plutonic SEDIMENTARY Increased P&T METAMORPHIC Crystallization Cooling Burial Uplift MAGMA
Can you see any shortcuts? Erosion SEDIMENT Weathering Transport Deposition Volcanic IGNEOUS Plutonic Can you see any shortcuts? SEDIMENTARY Increased P&T METAMORPHIC Crystallization Cooling Melting Burial Uplift MAGMA
SEDIMENT Volcanic IGNEOUS Plutonic SEDIMENTARY METAMORPHIC Burial Erosion SEDIMENT Weathering Transport Deposition Volcanic IGNEOUS Plutonic SEDIMENTARY Increased P&T METAMORPHIC Crystallization Cooling Melting Burial Uplift MAGMA
In Conclusion… The rock cycle demonstrates the relationships among the three major rock groups It is powered by the interior heat of the Earth It involves processes on the Earth’s surface as well as the Earth’s interior
SEDIMENT Volcanic IGNEOUS Plutonic SEDIMENTARY METAMORPHIC Burial Erosion SEDIMENT Weathering Transport Deposition Volcanic IGNEOUS Plutonic SEDIMENTARY Increased P&T METAMORPHIC Crystallization Cooling Melting Burial Uplift MAGMA
Name ________________ Period __________ Erosion Weathering Transport Deposition Increased P&T Crystallization Cooling Melting Burial Uplift